The Study On A Grid-based Safety Monitoring System Against Major Hazards In Construction Engineering

Construction industry is a high-risk industry, frequent safety accidents on construction sites will have a great negative impact upon the project economy, people’s livelihood and social stability. In recent years, since government and construction units carry out safety policies and pay close attention to the safety supervision, the occurrences of serious incidents have been effectively curbed, the safety accidents index is on the decline each year and the safety production situation has been improved. However, because our country is in the fastest growing constructive period, serious inadequacy in safety supervision resources which are caused by significantly increasing number of projects that need to be monitored, coupled with the relatively weak construction base, determine the safety risk will still exist for some time on a large scale, which means construction safety supervision in China remains a daunting task. In the era of focusing on transforming the economic development pattern, it is particularly important to explore a new safety supervision mode which can not only meet the need of increasing construction scale, but effectively reduce the loss of construction accidents.Grid management theory which enjoys an advantage in multi-organization coordination and complex task supervision, is gradually promoted among Chinese cities, and has achieved very good results. Yet grid management is rarely researched and applied in architectural engineering’s safety supervision. The present paper aims to explore the constraints of construction safety supervision in our country as well as the necessity and feasibility of the application of grid management and ultimately, promote the scientific development of construction safety supervision work by designing a grid-based construction safety supervision mode and its corresponding information system.The process and content of the paper is as follows:The first chapter discusses the background, purpose, meaning, content, methods and technological route of the topic; the second chapter reviews the relevant research including construction safety supervision, major hazards, grid management as well as rough set and variable precision rough set theory, sums up the defects of the research in the past which provides a basis for innovative research methods., To sort out the basic problems in construction safety supervision, a questionnaire is designed and widely distributed in chapter three. After detailed analysis upon a large amount of first hand data, I have reached a conclusion about the present situation and primary constraints in Chinese construction safety supervision. Meanwhile, the present paper makes analysis on the influential factors collected in the questionnaire with interpretative structural model and find the inner operating mechanism in Chinese construction safety supervision. With mutual verification between these two analyses, I discover the basic contradiction and promotion path in the construction safety supervision system which lays the foundation for raising the grid-based safety supervision model.As the research result for the effective promotion approach of construction safety supervision, the thesis presents the concept and general structure of the grid-based safety supervision model in chapter four, systematically establishes the construction safety supervision system by integrating the main bodies of safety supervision such as owners, supervision units, design units, government agencies and construction units in the aspect of function. It also defines and analyzes the structural features and basic problems in traditional construction safety supervision model. And then based on the comparative analysis of grid technology and grid management theory, the concept of grid-based construction safety supervision mode is brought forward. Moreover, another comparative analysis is made between the new mode and the traditional mode of safety supervision. Eventually, the basic framework of the grid-based construction safety supervision mode has been built up which is compose of organization grid, information system and task grid. More details will be provided in the following three chapters.Chapter five, I have designed an organization grid pattern, a grid work flow and an operational system for the new grid-based architecture safety supervision mode. The organization grid system which is suitable for construction safety supervision is obtained by combination of the grid management theory and practical experience in city grid management, coupled with redefinition and orientation about hierarchical relationship and functions for every supervision unit in the supervision grid. The system builds up a grid supervision center and a grid command center taking the construction safety supervision station as the core, establish an on-site supervision layer centered on the project supervision layer and a problem solution layer taking construction units as the core. Grid safety supervision’s multi-body work flow is worked out and the new mode’s operation mechanism is designed after the reconstruction of the old construction safety supervision work flow based on the analysis of grid work flow and grid management flow.Chapter six, the task grid in the grid-based safety supervision mode is designed in the paper for a unified planning of major hazards supervision tasks. The task of grid-based construction safety monitoring is divided into four key links:monitoring information collection, hazard prediction, supervision plan formulation and monitoring control. Thanks to the accident-causing theory and framework representation method, major hazard identification framework is derived which consists of supervision task management grid layer, project supervision task grid, hazard supervision task grid, supervision task grid towards potential hazards and safety factor’s supervision task grid. By using variable precision rough set method, a grid accident predictive method is created. With the application of differentiation method, how to formulate the plan in construction safety differentiation supervision is figured out; dynamic control theory is utilized to do dynamic monitoring control against hazards.Chapter seven, the thesis clearly depicts the objectives and strategic plans for grid-based safety supervision system, respectively creates a network infrastructure, business processes, a functional structure and a data flow for the major construction hazards supervision platform. The functional structure of this platform is constructed and five modules ---- user-log-in subsystem, central control subsystem, on-site safety supervision subsystem, major hazards monitoring subsystem, and construction safety management subsystem are analyzed in detail as well.The present study not only proposes the concept and method of grid-based construction safety supervision mode for the first time but also designs its corresponding information platform. The new mode realizes the resource sharing and coordination in construction safety supervision and provides a fresh method and angle to solve the current governmental supervision resource shortage and promote the efficiency in safety supervision which contributes a practical significance for improving Chinese construction safety supervision.