| China has achieved positive results of successive years in food production since new century, fertilizer had made great importance in promoting food yield, however, the issue of excessive fertilization, unreasonable fertilizer structure, fertilizer nutrient imbalance and the phenomena of more, partial and blind fertilization is very common at present, leading to a series of adverse consequences such as agricultural production costs increase, soil fertility decline and destruction of ecological environment. soil testing and formulated fertilization project had been launched by central government in2005in order to reverse the unreasonable fertilization, guide peasant household use scientific and rational way of fertilization and transform the mode of fertilization. the project has achieved positive results in changing the concept of farmers’traditional fertilizer, adjust the structure of fertilizer application and improve the fertilizer utilization ratio, however, the popularization rate of soil testing formula fertilization technology is low, many restricting factors still exist in guiding farmers to use soil testing formula fertilizer, we are facing new difficulties and problems in improve the coverage rate of soil testing formula. Agricultural socialization service is one of the effective path to solve the problem of soil testing formula fertilization technology popularization, this paper will based on farmers’ demand from the following three key parts:soil test, prepare fertilizer, fertilization training, to explore the construction of service mechanism of soil testing formula fertilization technology promotion, provide policy reference of improve the effect of soil testing formula fertilization technology popularization.By using farmer field survey data, guided by farmer behavior theory, cost-benefit theory, public goods theory, public choice theory, the polycentric governance theory, production theory, this paper analyzed the present situation of soil testing formula fertilization technology popularization and farmers actual demand.Specific research ideas are as follows:Firstly, analysis on soil testing formula fertilization technology promotion policy implementation situation, the effects of policy implementation, project service operation mechanism, discuss what have a significant impact on soil testing formula fertilization technology promotion, lay a foundation for the following analysis.Secondly, analysis of soil test service supply situation and farmers’demand for soil test service, farmers willingness to pay for paid soil testing service and its influencing factors is emphatically discussed. Thirdly, discuss the supply and demand situation in prepare fertilizer part, focus on prepare fertilizer service point impact on farmers’ behavior of using soil testing formula fertilizer.Fourthly, analysis on the supply and demand situation of soil testing formula fertilization training, concentrate on yield-increasing effect of training provide by scientific research units, agricultural extension extending stations, agricultural materials store, cooperative, fertilizer enterprises.Fifthly, guided by the demands of farmers, from "who provide services","how to provide service","how to ensure effective supply service" three aspects to build soil testing formula fertilization technology promotion service mechanism.Conclusions are as follows:Firstly, chemical fertilizer utilization rate is low, environmental pollution and ecological destruction is the background of soil fertilizer technology popularization project in the new round, the goal of the policy implementation is to improve the utilization rate of fertilizer, changing the concept of farmers’ unreasonable fertilization and balanced fertilization.Secondly, soil testing service covers most of the farmers, but there are still quite a number of farmers has not received soil testing services, especially individual soil testing service is not universal. according to the results of statistical analysis, most of the peasant household’s willingness to pay for paid soil testing services is strong.Thirdly, preparation services mainly taken by agricultural materials store and fertilizer manufacturer, prepare fertilizer service point has a significant effect on farmers’behavior sustainably use soil testing formula fertilizer. However, at present, prepare fertilizer service point allocateed scattered, to guide farmers to use soil testing formula fertilizer needs further mining.Fourthly, soil testing formula fertilization technical training services played a positive role in guiding farmers scientific fertilization, the grain-yield of the farmer who had received train service is higher than the one who hadn’t, the effect of train provided by non-government is more obvious. from the training bodys, agricultural materials and scientific research units plays a positive role in grain production in guiding farmers use soil fertilizer to optimize formula fertilization structure.Fifthly, Different farmers on the measured soil fertilizer has different requirements, technical service main body as a whole, in the "soil testing" and "fertilizing training" link, most farmers hope by government departments to provide service, in the "preparation" link, most farmers are more inclined to non-governmental sector to provide services.Based on the above conclusions, in order to further improve the soil testing and fertilizer technology penetration and usage, this paper provide the following policy suggestion, improve farmers cognitive level of soil testing formula fertilization technology, upgrade marketization degree of the soil testing and formula fertilization technology, guide diversified service main body to participate in service, build farmers demand expression mechanism and information sharing mechanism, increase the preparation service outlets, expand the preparation service radius, improve non-governmental organizations service ability, build benefit coupling mechanism between farmers and non-governmental organizations. |
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