Dynamic Forest Compensation System In Liaoning Province

With the continuous development of our society,human quality standards for water, air, soil, biological and other natural resources in the living environment of the requirements are also rising,as the main body of the terrestrial ecosystem, the forest’s ecological functions are becoming more and more important, but the influence of economic globalization, the contradiction between protection and development is very sharp.Liaoning province is located in the northeast of China, west of North Korea, the north of our country’s capital, combined with the Ministry of the Northeast Economic Zone and Bohai Economic Zone in China, the health of the forest ecological system in Liaoning province has important significance. For the North China economic, social development and national security.In this situation, this paper makes scientific research on the compensation mechanism of forest ecological system in Liaoning Province, in order to protect the forest ecological function benefit steadily, promote economic and social sustainable development and forest ecology, and provides useful reference for forest ecological compensation in China and related research.The paper main research content and conclusions include the following aspects:(1) Firstly, analyzed and summarized the forest compensation and performance management research, on the basis of previous successful practice and advanced experience foundation, combined with the specific situation of the province, using the relevant theories of economics, ecology, energy science, getthe general idea of dynamic compensation:First according to the forest benefits and costs to establish reasonable range of compensation, thencombined with the region to establish a performance management evaluation system, Through the performance management evaluation system and forest importance level design a two dimensional dynamic compensation mechanism, the actual compensation amount is obtained by the dynamic compensation mechanism, and the dynamic results are within the range of compensation.(2) Through the systematic analysis research, minimum standard of compensation is the forest production cost compensation standard,and it is composed of two parts, afforestation cost and management cost; the highest standard is value standard, consists of two parts: production cost standard and efficiency standards.The production cost compensation standard research, through the investigation of accounting and cost of afforestation alone after years of sharing, annual afforestation cost compensation standard is 284.8yuan·hm-2·a-1; took the current standard cost of non-commercial forest management 60 yuan·hm-2·a-1 for the cost of forest management,and calculated the forest production cost compensation standard is 344.8 yuan·hm-2·a-1.Study on value compensation standard, benefit compensation in accordance with the 9 main ecological functions of forest ecosystem, using theory of emergy analysisbased on ecological energetic, we carried on the value accounting separately. Liaoning Province forest annual benefit for the total value is 20.307×1010 yuan, after the development of the revised coefficient method, benefit compensation standards is 6260.5yuan·hm-2·a-1; according to the previous research about the production cost compensation standard, we get the value compensation standard is 6605.3 yuan·hm-2·a-1.Integrated two kinds of research results, Liaoning province forest reasonable compensation standard adjustment range is [344.8~6605.3], the unit is yuan·hm-2·a-1.(3) Using the fuzzy mathematics and analytic hierarchy process(AHP) and other related theory combining with expert scoring, all the indexes of forest benefit and management are analyzed, selection, weight calculation, assignment, modeling, evaluation, we got 48 forest performance evaluation indexes, determined the evaluation grades interval(excellent, good, fair, qualified, poor), established a comprehensive evaluation model, in order to build a comprehensive performance evaluation system of forest management, a total of three layers, the target layer(Ia layer) including economic benefit, ecological benefit and social benefit, management 4 levels indexes; field goal layer(Ib layer) including: the improved forest climate indexes, forestry investment index, forest benefit index, forest health degree of 11 sub field indexes; specific target layer(Ic layer), including forest coverage, government investment, enhance public awareness of ecological civilization, pest disaster rate of 33 specific indicators.(4) On the basis of reasonable forest compensation range and performance evaluation, using knowledge of forest compensation accumulated from years practice work,considering the social development level and financial paying ability, combined with the importance level of forest, made a relatively reasonable permanent accumulated compensation growth stage, designed "two-dimensional" dynamic compensation level distribution mechanism. We determined 20 compensation growth coefficient corresponding "dimension" from 0 to β(annual growth rates) to adjust the level of compensation, and developed a compensation level adjustment up and out of the program, the overall form a complete set of forest dynamic compensation system, which can effectively motivate the forest protector and builders, to make use of compensation funds fairness efficiency.(5) In order to verify the overall design, we take Huanren County as an example of empirical,the results showed that when the forest compensation standard of Huanren County in 2010 was 344.8 yuan·hm-2·a-1, the dynamic compensation standard in Huanren County in 2011 should be 393.4 yuan·hm-2·a-1, 2012 should be 439.2 yuan·hm-2·a-1. This study was fed back to the local residents, respondents affirmed dynamic compensation system design and compensation standard calculation results, the dynamic compensation mechanism that fit the actual comparison, in line with expectations, if the pilot implementation will give them great construction of forestry and forest protection confidence and motivation.(6)Liaoning Province forest ecological compensation mechanism needs further improvement and development, specific recommendations:1, to establish and improve the forest resources monitoring and evaluation system, provide accurate basis for scientific compensation;2, vigorously promote the research on the theory and policy of ecological compensation standard, explore to establish a fair and reasonable dynamic compensation system; 3, strengthen the government’s leading role, constructing multi-channel, multi-level, multi form of financing mechanism, capital has laid the foundation for the implementation of forest dynamic compensation system.