Studies On Chemical Constituents Of Balanophora Polyandra And The Gum Resin Of Boswellia Carterii

Balanophora polyandra Griff. belongs to the species of the genus Balanophora of the Burseraceae family. It is a dioeciously parasitic plant, has been used as a analgesics and chaser by the local people of Yunnan province, China. The whole plants are used as traditional medicines for the treatment of hemorrhoids, stomachache, and hemoptysis. The Boswellia species (Burseraceae), which are trees native to Ethiopia, Somalia, India, and the Arabic peninsula, produce a gum resin that is known as olibanum (frankincense). Olibanum is known to show analgesic, anti-inflammatory, sedative, anti-hyperlipidemic, and antibacterial activities in Unani (Islamic) and traditional Chinese medicines.In order to find active substances from the natural medicines, this thesis studies the chemical constituents of Balanophora polyandra Griff. and the gum resin of Boswellia carterii.Based on a variety of chromatographic techniques and spectroscopic methods,36compounds (1*-36)(Names and structures of the purified compounds are listed in Table1and Figure1), including fifteen tannins, thirteen phenolic acids, two lignans, two flavonoids and four triteterpenoids were isolated and structurally determined from the80%acetone extract of Balanophora polyandra. Among them, Compound1*is a new one, Compounds3,6-12,15,22-26,29-30were isolated from this plant for the first time, and compounds19-21,31-32were firstly isolated from this genus. And72compounds (1*-72) were isolated from the95%EtOH extract of the gum resin of Boswellia carterii. Names and structures of the purified compounds are listed in Table2and Figure2, respectively. Among them, compounds1*-2*,4*-13*,15*-17*,32*-64*are new compounds, compounds3*and14*are new natural products. The structural patterns are classified into triteterpenes (1*-31), prenylaromandendrane diteterpenes (32*-43*), cembranoid diteterpenes (44*-71) and fatty acid (72).In the in vivo assays, the EtOAc exacts of Balanophora polyandra showed significant hypoglycemic activity. In the in vitro assays, triterpenoids of Boswellic acids28and30isolated from the gum resin of Boswellia carterii inhibited NO production in mouse peritoneal macrophages, with the inhibition ratios44.0%and69.8%, respectively. Compounds28,30and31showed certain PTPIB inhibitory activity with IC50values of5.881,122.1and13.68μM, respectively. Compounds1*,7*,14*,17*,18,23,25,27,29,30,32*-34*,37*,39*,40*,43*,49*,51*-53*,56*,58*,60*and65-68(10μM) exhibited moderate hepatoprotective activities against D-galactosamine-induced HL-7702cell damage. Some of the compounds were evaluated for cytotoxicity against five tumor cell lines (HCT-8, Bel-7402, BGC-823, A549, A2780). Unfortunately, these compounds didn’t showed any cytotoxic activity against certain cell lines compared with the positive control.