The Preliminary Study Of The Expression Of IGF-1, P53and CGA In Human Prostate Cancers Containing Different Proportions Of Intermediate Epithelial Cells

Background and Objective:Background:Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common malignant tumors in older men present, especially in the United States and Europe. The cause of prostate cancer and the development of the mechanism are not entirely clear which may be associated with a variety of factors. Studies have shown that the different proportions of intermediate epithelial cells in human prostate cancer associated with prostate cancer. It is important to understand better of the physiological characteristics and mechanism of the different proportions of intermediate epithelial cells for the study of the incidence of prostate cancer and how to find the possible treatment of prostate cancer. Recently, studies of prostate tumor-associated factors, including insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1), p53protein as well as chromogranin A (CgA) as the main neurological markers for prostate cancer endocrine differentiation (NED) have become hot spots.Objective:This study divides the cases of prostate cancer into2groups which named prostate cancer consisting mainly of intermediateepithelial cell(CaP-INT) and prostate cancer consisting mainly of lumnialepithelial cell(CaP-LUM) by immunohistochemistry and summarize clinical data, patient follow-up data, while immunohistochemical staining to detect IGF-1, p53protein, CgA proportion of protein in the2groups of prostate cancer. Then to study the clinical significance of the expression of IGF1, P53and CgA in human prostate cancer tissue containing different proportions of intermediate epithelial cells. Materials and Methods:Material:The study has aproved by Ethics Committees of Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Traditional Chinese Medicine University, after patients and their families signed an agreement.We collected71cases of prostate cancer from the two hospitals since March2009to2012Feb.The patients aged62to88years, with a median age of74years old. All patients underwent clinical follow-up. At the same time we collected10cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH) from the People’s Hospital of Zhangqiu City. All patients had completely data and were diagnosed preoperatively with no therapy, chemotherapy or radiotherapy.Methods:The expression of Cytoke ration5(CK5), Cytokeration8(CK8), IGF1, P53and CgA were detected by immunohistochemical staining on71samples of human prostate cancer and10benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). The prostate cancers were classified into2types (CaP-INT and CaP-LUM) by the proportions of CK5positive intermediate epithelial cells in the cancer tissue.Results:The proportion of CK5positive intermediate epithelial cells was significantly higher in CaP (54.8%) than in BPH (9.8%)(P<0.001). The clinical stage and rate of metastasis of CaP-INT were significantly higher than CaP-LUM)(P=0.023and0.041).In addition, the rate of developing to AIPC after MAB treatment was obviously higher in CaP-INT (41%) than in CaP-LUM (18%)(P=0.045). The median survival time without development was also shorter in CaP-INT (11.5months) than in CaP-LUM (17.5months)(P=0.034). Furthermore, the expression of IGF1, P53and CgA were compared between CaP-INT and CaP-LUM. Results showed that all of the three tumor related genes were significantly highly expressed in CaP-INT than in CaP-LUM. The higher expression of IGF1and CgA were also associated with clinical stage, metastasis and effect of MAB treatment.Conclusion:The expression of IGF1, P53and CgA were significantly higher in CaP-INT than in CaP-LUM, which might be a reason of bad clinical stage and prognosis of high proportion of intermediate epithelial cells of prostate cancer.