Research On Chinese Daoyin Regimen From The View Of Health Maintenance Of Traditional Chinese Medicine

“People’s life is extremely precious, even more valuable than gold”(SUN Simiao). Health is the existent foundation of human beings, the first demand of social development and the permanent theme of harmonious society construction. On the foundation of traditional sport and health promotion, this dissertation researches deeply and systematically on Chinese Daoyin regimen, which guides Qi to make it peaceful and stretches body to make it flexible, through certain methods, such as literature consultation, expert interviews etc.This study clarifies and holds the three aspects of research and development of Daoyin regimen. And it assumes as follows.First, “intersectant research which integrates sport and medicine”. On the basis of the intrinsic relationship between Chinese Daoyin regimen and Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) originating from the same source, the dissertation systematically introduces theories of Health Maintenance of TCM, carries out theoretic and practical exploration of the parallel paradigm of “integrating sport and medicine”, and builds a connecting bridge between them.Second, “conjunct research which combines tradition with modern”. Basing on the traditional nature of Chinese Daoyin regimen, this dissertation keeps pace with the times, attempts to relieve some modern social problems, such as aging, sub-health, chronic diseases and so on, making the past serve the present. It enhances practicability and timeliness of the research through further combination of traditional and modern nature of Chinese Daoyin regimen.Third, “holistic research which includes disease-treating and health-maintaining functions of Daoyin regimen”. During the process of development, Daoyin regimen is divided into two separate parts—“disease-treating Daoyin”, which belongs to medicine, and “health-maintaining Daoyin”, which belongs to sport. In view of this current situation, this dissertation emphatically investigates the relevance between the two parts.In consideration of the above points, this dissertation collates health maintenance theories of Daoyin regimen, which are based on relevant TCM literatures, grasps interdisciplinary theoretic systems, reconceptualises the skeleton of Daoyin regimen’s formation and development, and then compartmentalizes and describes each historic stage of it, including sprouting period in prehistoric times; initial raising period in the Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties; prevailing period in the Spring and Autumn and Warring States times; diverse evolving period in the Qin, Han, Wei and Jin Dynasties; practical developing period in the Sui, Tang and the Five Dynasties; syncretic progressing period in the Song, Liao, Jin and Yuan Dynasties; systematic definitizing period in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Then, with the help of the theories of TCM Health Maintenance, such as “visceral manifestation”, “meridians and collaterals”, “Jing(essence), Qi, blood, body fluid and spirit”, we carry out theoretical and practical study on Daoyin regimen from the aspects of “holism concept”, “treatment of latent disease” and “time-concerned health maintenance”.As for “holism concept”, the dissertation points out that:(1) holism concept is the fundamental idea of Chinese health maintenance culture;(2) “body, Qi and spirit” trinity is the holism of Daoyin regimen;(3) “three adjustments into one” is the concrete manifestation of Daoyin regimen’s holism. As for “treatment of latent disease ”, the dissertation analyzes from the views of “preventing disease before invasion”, “preventing exacerbation after invasion” and “preventing recurrence after recovery”, and comes up with practical guidance:(1) in the stage of “preventing disease before invasion”, people should often do moderate physical exercise(such as Daoyin regimen);(2) in the stage of “preventing exacerbation after invasion”, for diseases that haven’t become serious, people should identify Daoyin’s indication(i.e. external excess syndrome of Taiyang meridian when external pathogen just attacks human body), and practice Daoyin, which belongs to diaphoretic method, to expel pathogen with sweat; while for diseases that haven’t transmitted, it is advisable to follow the five directions—“protecting the spleen when the liver is ill”, “protecting the kidney when the spleen is ill”, “protecting the heart when the kidney is ill”, “protecting the lung when the heart is ill”, “protecting the liver when the lung is ill”, and the dissertation also expounds how to take Daoyin exercise under the guidance of them;(3) in the stage of “preventing recurrence after recovery”, Daoyin practitioners should control exercise intensity, choose appropriate postures, nichetargeting movements and proper time. As for “time-concerned health maintenance”, on one hand, we offer Daoyin exercise strategies for four seasons according to the “interrelation between five zang organs and seasons” theory:(1) stretching in spring, soothing the depressed liver and removing stasis;(2) growing in summer, nourishing the heart and invigorating the spleen;(3) preserving in autumn, reinforcing the lung and astringing diffusion;(4) storing in winter, tonifying the kidney and conserving essence. On the other hand, we give Daoyin exercise suggestions for every two hours in one day according to the “Zi Wu Liu Zhu(midnight-noon and ebb-flow)” theory.Furthermore, the dissertation also investigates current condition of Daoyin regimen and puts forward practical strategies in future so as to achieve its sustainable development. It is pointed out that: first, original witchcraft and religion are internally associated with Daoyin health-maintenance in ancient times, and there is parasitic space for some cultural dross in the developing process of Daoyin regimen, therefore, it is the key issue that to practice Daoyin scientifically under the guidance of TCM Health Maintenance; second, in order to realize positive aging, Chinese Daoyin regimen should form an interconnecting and interacting relationship with aged sport; third, in the current social background, we should endeavor to make Chinese Daoyin regimen integrate into the main stream of the body-building plan for all, and become an essential part of the national strategic system.