A Regional Analysis Of Western And Eastern Han Dynasty’s Literature

The regional research of Western and Eastern Han Dynasty is a new subject which studies the literature of Han Dynasty from regional angle. It is also a multi-layered and multi-sided subject which expressed the deepening of Han Dynasty literature’s research. Thus regional research has many difficulties and problems. And in this article, I did a comprehensive and in-depth study on regional research as hard as possible.There are fifth chapters in this article. The first chapter is The Regional Distribution and Literary Subregions of Western and Eastern Han Dynasty. To study on literature of Han Dynasty, the domicile place of writers is the first part need to be investigated. According to the rule of literary development of Han Dynasty, the natural geography, the type of economic development and the administrative regionalization, the region of Han Dynasty’s literature can be divided into six districts. These are Guanzhong District in the centre of Shaanxi Province, Hehuai District on the borders between Anhui and Shandong Province, Hebei district in Hebei Province, Chuyue District on the borders between Hunan and Hubei Province, Bashu District include Sichuan Province and Chongqing, and Longxi District in the west part of Shaanxi.Guanzhong District was an important part in the literary setup of Han Dynasty. During Western Han period, there were several writers in Guanzhong, however, the number of writers increased rapidly during Eastern Han period, it showed the recovery and development of literature in a district need a period time. The literature of Ling county in Guanzhong was flourishing. Hehuai District’ literature also plays a significant part during Han Dynasty. There were many writers were come from Hehuai, and many of them became literateurs with great works. A hostile natural environment and undeveloped cultural background made Hebei District’s literature weaker than others. The number of writers in Chuyue District constitutes a high proportion and is a part of consequence in the setup of literature. In Bashu District, Ci and Fu were prosperous in Western Han Dynasty period, and then studies of Confucian classical became much more flourishing in Eastern Han Dynasty. The literature of Longxi District was weak in Western Han Dynasty, and then developed well in Eastern Han Dynasty.The second chapter is The Fluxion of Literatus and its Impact on Literature. Because the study of domicile place is static,the development of literature is dynamic. I also analyzed the relationship between writers’flow and the impact on academic culture in this chapter. The policy which named "to full the Guznzhong" made a lot of Ling County’s citizens immigrated in Guanzhong Distrct, and those immigrants became scholarized family clans in a short time. The development of culture and literatus made the capital became the destination of study abroad. In the capital, the Tai Academy was the highest institution of learning and the best doctors of Confucianism taught in it, what’s more, the Tai Academy was the only place reserved and selected talents for royal court. All of these attractive literatus moved to Guanzhong District.The third chapter is The Fu and the Regional Culture. In this chapter I divided this subject into four parts, the Fu and Changan, the Fu and Luoyang, the Fu and Chengdu Nanyang, and the Fu and Chu Culture. Firstly, I listed all the litterateurs who lived in Luoyang and Changan, and then analyzed the relationship of the litterateurs, their works and the regional culture. The Fu of Han Dynasty expressed the palaces, gardens, landscape, climate, customs and cultures in a comprehensive and profound way, such as the extravagancy of Western Capital, the frugality of Eastern Capital, the richness and politeness of Southern Capital and the fertile and leisure of Shu Capital. The capital Changan and Luoyang made the most impressive impact on litterateurs, for example, the litterateurs had very deep complex to capital and their works performed the atmosphere of Han Dynasty. Fu inherited a lot of Chu culture. The folk song of Chu was the original of Chu Ci, a new literary form created by Qu Yuan. The prevailing of Wicca also effected Chu Ci. Chu Ci is the origin of Fu with Li Sao style, technically, the impact of Qu Yuan(Qu Sao) on Han Dynasty was the impact of Chu culture.The fourth chapter is The Relationship between the Han Dynasty’s Poems and the Regional Culture. I probed into two elements which effected on poems, one was the area distribution of folk songs, and another was the impact of Han Dynasty’s customs. In accordance with the characters of folk songs, I divided them into four districts:Shanxi District, Shandong District, Jiangnan District, and Longxi District. The custom culture effected poems’both interiorly and exteriorly. The prevailing of folk songs secularized the content of poems, exhibited the multifarious regional customs and showed the hedonic fashion in Han Dynasty. And the popularity of Chu style also made impressive effect on poems creation, for example, many poets wrote songs and melodies in Chu style.The fifth chapter is The Literature of Fiefs. At the beginning of Han Dynasty, the idea of actionless governance and the favor of princes promoted the emergence of fiefs’literature. The balance between the centralized power and the fiefs’power, and the concentration and fluidity of litterateurs restricted the development of fiefs’literature. The feature of fiefs’literature is that the political regionalization of fiefs decided the literature carry forward the regional characters of Pre Qin culture.Princes of states maintained literatus and relied on them to make political decisions, this kind of popularity was precisely same as it in Pre-Qin Period. Most of those literatus went around different fiefs and urged Princes to adopt their political views, so their literary works also showed fluidity. The literature of fiefs contained transition features. It transferred the literature from Pre-Qin Period to Han Dynasty, and also transferred the regional literature to centralized literature. In this chapter, I took the State Liang as an example to study on the Liang Garden, literatus’feast, literary creation, and the relationship between the Liang Garden’s literatus and the regional environment.In brief, it is not enough to study the literature of Han Dynasty from regional angle with above aspects, and there still many problems need to be explored. What’s more, because this subject is a multi-layered and multi-sided systemic topic, if someone discusses it from any point he might get some new discoveries. So only with hard work, plentiful achievement would be reached.