Research On The Design Of Lacquer Ware In Pre-Qin And Chu Period

Chu lacquer is a kind of typical material civilization of Pre-Qin Period. It is sprouted in the combination of historiographer culture of the north Central Plains and the wizard culture of the south Chu Kingdom, in the interaction of special appointed natural and social environment. This lacquer is developed during the transition from bronze ware to the earthenware.This thesis is set in the point of the design, gazing at the important functional utensil in Chu of Pre-Qin Period, lacquer. Referring to the background of integration between north and south cultural, the research of Chu lacquer ware is discussed from five aspects:1\the origin of Chu Kingdom and Chu lacquer,2\the evolution of lacquering and craft, it is discussed from the lacquering, craft and decoration, in the view of productivity development.3\the research on the environment of material and spirit in the development of Chu lacquer, it is commenced on the creation factors in the material environment of Chu lacquer, such as heaven, earth, human, craft. It finds the answers why the lacquer develops to its prosperity in the Chu Kingdom in the Spring and Autumn Period. The thesis includes the research on the relation between design evolution and spiritual culture. It emphasizes on the relation among the formation of Chu lacquer, the change of Chu culture, the evolution of living manner, and special custom culture, the reflection on the Chu lacquer which the conflict of north and south culture brings.4\How does the craft make the mould and paint? In the view of Chu living manner, it discusses the change of shape and type. In the view of function and decoration, it discusses the beauty of painting. In the view of reason and sense, it discusses the function and of essence of human, affairs, and object. In the view of relation between image and utensils, it discusses the replacement of design ideology.5\The thesis interprets the culture attributes. It explores the design ideology of people oriented, fitness, then the author concludes how to inherit and innovate the value of traditional creation culture.Spring and autumn and the Warring States was a period that slave society was evolving into the federal society, a period that the regional royal court, Kingdom Zhou was collapsing with the threat of other regional kingdoms, a period that the north historiographer cultural and the south wizard cultural developed simultaneously into the mature stage. The external environment changed, which lead to the transition of the internal living manner of people. Both the daily requirements and the political requirements for the lacquer had occurred. The people of Chu made good use of the abundant products, the advantage productivity and tools of production, developed Chu lacquer, at the opportunity which the bronze ware was declining, and the earthenware was changing. The shape and craft of Chu lacquer embodies the brand of this surging culture. The way of making the mould and the modularized production manner has the profound inflection. Using raw lacquer to paint aids the creation of lacquer furniture, displays the beauty of the colour lacquer. The lacquer ware displays the object view through the reason function and sense function. The change of Chu people’s spirit inflects the evolution of their living manner. The design ideology changes from making utensil by image to lacquering utensil by image, from god oriented to people oriented.Through the research on the skills, craft, affair and rules, the characteristics of Chu lacquer are influenced by the living manner, social culture and political graded system. The lacquer wares are created differently for people and god, civil and bureaucrat. Reason and sense are both important. Chu lacquer wares are serviced for the set of etiquette and god culture. The set of etiquette and god culture can influence the design culture through spiritual living manner.From the science of human affairs and culture evolution, through exploring the skills and craft of the lacquer ware, the author researches the affairs of Chu lacquer development, proclaims the rules of making the lacquer, and using the lacquer in the multicultural background, that is the relation among the essence of design, macroscopic value, design development and culture integration. The design is discussed in the background of social material, economic, system, and spirit in Pre-Qin Period. In the view of cultural science of human affairs, the author discusses the evolution and characteristics of Chu lacquer, from it, the author traces back to the origin and essence of the creation, find the suitable inherit manner for the traditional culture.