On The Typology Of Conjunction Distributional Patterns Of Complex Sentences In Modern Chinese

Centering upon the category features of conjunction distributional patterns of complex sentences in Mandarin Chinese and Chinese Dialects, this paper aims to collect and reorganize conjunction distributional patterns of complex sentences in Mandarin Chinese and many Chinese dialects, explore and summarize the topology features of conjunction distributional patterns of complex sentences in Mandarin Chinese and Chinese Dialects and make explanations and illustrations for some relevant questions, by following the train of thought of mutual verification between syntax and semantics and the guidance of some relevant theories of linguistic topology, comparing Chinese dialects with Mandarin Chinese, Chinese dialects and non-Mandarin Chinese.The main contents of this thesis include:Chapter one is the introduction, presenting the study significance, study objective, study contents, research methodology and theories, and explaining the source of corpora. And then, it clarifies the important concept of conjunction, i.e., the concept of complex sentence and conjunction distribution. Finally, it makes a review of the previous research achievements by some scholars from such three perspectives as grammar study of Chinese dialects, study of complex sentences in Chinese mandarin and study of conjunction distributional patterns of complex sentences in Chinese dialects.Chapter two probes into the conjunction distributional patterns of complex sentences in Chinese Dialects. First, it introduces the conjunction distributional patterns of complex sentences in Chinese mandarin, including the means of conjunction distributional patterns, i.e., finding out what conjunction marker is implemented, the use of conjunction, adverb, fixed phrase, word order or intonation; and then, it explores the syntactic position of conjunction marker, either at the beginning or in the middle or at the end of a sentence and preceding or after the subject; finally, it discusses the types of conjunction distributional patterns, examining whether it is with the conjunction in the middle, at the end position or the conjunction in both positions simultaneously.Chapter three concentrates on the study of conjunction distributional patterns of complex sentences in Chinese mandarin. First, it respectively introduces the mainly used conjunction distributional patterns of diversified complex sentences in Chinese mandarin, finding out the main conjunction distributional patterns. And then, it discusses the conjunction distributional patterns of diversified complex sentences, summarizes the characteristics of conjunction distributional patterns and makes some relevant illustrations. This part focuses on summarizing and illustrating the characteristics of conjunction distributional patterns.Chapter four deals with the study of conjunction distributional patterns of complex sentences in Chinese Dialects. First, it respectively introduces the mainly used conjunction distributional patterns of diversified complex sentences in Chinese dialects, which is the fundamental core part in this study. We collect and reorganize the main conjunction distribution patterns and endeavor to describe them as thoroughly as possible. The style we arrange is to take the categories of complex sentence as the vertical line, to fully describe the conjunction distributional patterns of such complex sentence in some typical dialects, attaching some detailed examples with the version of Chinese mandarin. The second section of this chapter is aimed at taking the categories of complex sentence as the vertical line to discuss the conjunction distributional patterns of every category of complex sentence in some typical dialects, summing up the features of every category of complex sentence and make some relevant explanations and illustrations.Chapter five touches upon the typological features of the conjunction distributional patterns of complex sentence in Chinese language. This chapter takes causational complex sentence as an example to discuss, make a comparison between Chinese mandarin and ethnic minority languages of the Sino-Tibetan family in terms of the conjunction distributional patterns of complex sentence, involving some sino-foreign languages, summing up some relevant typological features and universality, and conducts some relevant theoretical explanations.Chapter six is the overall summarization for the whole paper.Based on the generalization of plenty of corpora of the conjunction distributional patterns of complex sentence, we can achieve the following hierarchy in Mandarin Chinese:(1)the conjunction in the middle> the conjunction at the end position> the conjunction in both positions simultaneously.We studied more on "the conjunction in the middle"pattern of complex sentence in Mandarin Chinese,and found that the standard structure S(s1, Ms2) is used more frequent,but the three other structures are used as the following hierarchy:(2)S变体一(S1°MS2)>S变体二(S1°o M, S2)>S变体三(s1, M, s2)So we can refer to the concept of "mighty category"(Liu2012),take the "the conjunction in the middle"pattern as a "mighty pattern".Simultaneously, by investigating several large dialect areas, including data investigation and onsite extensive investigation, we can conclude another hierarchy in Chinese dialects:(3)the conjunction at the end position> the conjunction in the middle>the conjunction in the middle.At last, through typological analysis, we summarized2implicated universals between the conjunction distributional patterns of causational complex sentences and word order as follows: (4)(VO word order&cause-effect sequence)(?)(conjunction-cause clause, effect clause Ⅴ conjunction-cause clause, conjunction-effect clause);(5)(OV word order&cause-effect sequence)(?)(cause clause-conjunction, effect clause).And then we explained the universals and forecasted other two universals as follows:(6)(VO word order&subordinate clause-main clause sequence)(?)(conjunction-subordinate clause, main clause Ⅴ conjunction-subordinate clause, conjunction-main clause);(7)(OV word order&subordinate-main sequence)(?)(subordinate clause-conjunction, main clause).