Cultural Criticism Of Lyu Dug-Gong’s Literature

Ling Zhai Liu Degong (1748-1807) is one of the main members of North Korean school, and with Li Demao, Piao Qijia, Li Shujiu all together called the "East four". Liu Degong had mission to China for three times, and he has lots of famous works, such as Ling collection(泠斋集), Yeolha-gihaengshiju(热河纪行诗注)Yeondae-jaeyurok (燕台再遊录), poems to the twenty-one cities (二十一都怀古诗),”Kyungdochapchi(京都杂志).In1776, it depends on the "Han four" jointly compiled poetry collection Han Gaeg Gun Yun Jib(韩客巾衍集)were famous in Chinese literary world. Ryu Degong had a bend sinister and he could not enter the palace according to Korean law. But with the help of Jeongjo’s "Sin Tong Shu Qing(庶孽通清)”policies, at the age of32, he worked as Book officer in the Kyujanggak. In1801after the Sunjo’s accession, political turmoil, the northern school scholars have persecuted by the different degrees, he followed the teachings of his grandfather, he lives in seclusion to fields, he concentrates on books, he does not pay attention to affairs of human lives and survived.In recent years, there are lots of historical researches on Liu Degong’s works domestically and in foreign countries, the study of the poetry’s theme which under the social historical background, and the relation between poetry and Chinese literature studies. But there is no researches on the literature on cultural critical perspective. Therefore, this paper from the cultural critical perspective and methods, to combined with imagology, and the influence study of comparative literature, receptive poetics research methods, this paper investigate the criticism of Liu Degong to medieval culture mode through the systematical studies of Liu Degong’s social and cultural activities and literary creation.This paper is divided into five parts, the first chapter demonstrates during the period of social transformation, cultural characteristics and Northern School of thought in the important status and influence of them in18th,19th Century East Asian modernization, and this paper discusses the urgency and feasibility of Liu Degong’s study from the point of cultural criticism.In the second chapter, this paper regards poems to the twenty-one cities(二十一都怀古诗)as the object of research, using the method of cultural criticism, discusses reflection of Liu Degong on traditional Korean history and cultural mode. According to sum up historical experience, Liu Degong clarified again the cultural roots of Korea and it is different from other countries in East Asia, to provide a platform for the development of the Korean nation culture, to explain the importance of cultural openness and autonomy, to put forward their own cultural development as the medieval culture crisis which is facing in the Korea.In the third chapter, this paper regards the Yeolha-gihaengshiju(热河纪行诗注)and Yeondae-jaeyurok(燕台再遊录)as the object of research, to explore the criticism of East Asian cultural mode of Liu Degong. Liu Degong with the help of three mission to the experience, to assess up the situation, and to prospect the future direction of cultural development in East Asia and Korea’s role orientation, to raise concerns about the "Yi" culture, to find their own cultural values, to promote cultural exchange, to build East Asian cultural thoughts, and to practice the cultural innovation thought by this poetry.In the fourth chapter,this paper regards the Ling collection(泠斋集)of poems as the research object, to discuss the practice of literary creation. According to the study of "Liu Degong poetry which included Han Gaeg Gun Yun Jib (韩客巾衍集),to discuss the Liu Degong’s Korean chronicles, view of Korean folk customs, the Korean people to express grievances group, Korea’s poetic creation idea. From Wang Shizhen’s Qinhuai fourteen(秦淮杂诗)poetry to Liu Degong’s Songjingzajue(松京杂绝)various vast influence as the breakthrough point, discusses Liu Degong’s acceptance and innovation of foreign poetry theory. Finally discussed the inheritance and practice of Liu Degong to Park Ji-won’s "Korean Style" thought. To be concerned about Korean regional culture, found that Korea is different from the Chinese cultural connotation and value of the poetry creation idea, it formed a unique Korean humanities of Korean style. The Korean style and expectations with East Asian countries introduced Korean history, folk customs, customs to Korea in the medieval cultural transition period to win the respect and the right words to provide a platform. The fifth chapter is the conclusion part.Cultural criticism of Liu Degong’s literature, it is benefited to the interpretation of the East Asian cultural transition, cultural idea and the cultural spirit of the conflict, fission, discrete, doubt, reflection, reflective, change of critical thought, and to deeper change and progress of human society and further perspective on the human spirit and the influence of these thoughts on the creation of literature. The study on Liu Degong literature from the perspective of cultural critique of Liu Degong made an attempt to better understand the development and achievements of Korean literature in eighteenth Century.