| Work-relief,in other words,through do work to substitute pure social relief. Word-relief is the self-contradict unified body of “work” and “relief”. It regards work as means and regard relieve as purpose. It is a negative relief and is active rehabilitation as well. It generally means is self-saving way that after disaster occurrence, government or civil social strength through planning and orderly organizing the victim of disaster to work and taking part in building of public works to acquire rescuing. Its contents includes clearance of Sediments,dredging of river,excavation of water dike, creation of water well,construction of dike dam,building of highway,construction of railway and airport,repairing of house,expanding of farm work, planting of trees and forestation,holding of factory,establishment of class of recognizing words etc. Its type also presents the ages characteristics of a diversification, including work-relief of water conservancy, work-relief of transportation,work-relief of housing, work-relief of municipal services,work–relief of agriculture and forestry,work-relief of industry etc. It has inheritance of traditional work-relief and also transplantation of work-relief of western modern style. It has accumulation of Chinese traditional rescue idea,as well has the growth that the new rescue thoughts. It is truly regard as medium that combination of rescue thought of Chinese and West. It can give relief to victims of disaster as well as hold engineering,establishing the disaster area can keep on the permanent foundation of development and in really kill two birds with one stone,It is the best way that gets rid of famine.The text simply looked back the history of work-relief that the past of the Nanjing Kuomintang government,systematically elaborated the development process that work-relief of the period of the Nanjing Kuomintang government,and holding to carry on a total evaluation on work-relief business of the period. Combed basic process of the operation that work–relief of this period. Discussed work-relief basic circumstance of management in this period, and holding to carry on a total evaluation to work-relief business that this period.This text include introduction, corpus and conclusion three parts, the corpus part totally includes six chapters.Introduction parts of the text in summary gave an account to choose the meaning of clearly and systematically looked back the present condition of work-relief research and carried on to settle for science boundary of the work-relief related problem, in detail introduced the collection circumstance of related historical data in this text. At last, consisely and comprehensively explained that research method of the used in the process of composing and the innovation of the article.Chapter 1 systematically discussed history before that work-relief that the period of the Nanjing Kuoming government, include three parts, for example, rising and growing up of work-relief of ancient Chinese, the transformation and evolution of the work-relief in the later Qing Dynasty, the evolution and developing of work-relief during the period of Beijing Regime of Republican china, basically delineated mostly outline of work-relief business development, clarified to regard work –relief as the traditional relief measures, the history is long.Chapter 2 carried on analysis to factors that development of work-relief the period of the Nanjing Kuoming government thoroughly, mainly including political and economic factors, social factors, thought factors and international factor four levels,and carried on category and investigation orderly. Elaborated the performance of overall development that work-relief business during the first period of the Nanjing Kuoming government in detail. Including establishment of work-relief organization that implemented management system of the section layer system, continuous innovation that the method of the fund raising of work-relief, work-relief rescue business push forward completely.And holds to make a synopsis ground evaluation to work-relief business during the period of the Nanjing Kuoming government.Chapter 3 discussed the developmet process during the Anti-Japanese war and after the Anti-Japanese war in detail. Firstly, used history view of class struggling, history view of ecosystem, history view of modernization,used the angle of view of macro-view to deeply analyze the performance of turns and twists development during the Anti-Japanese war. on the one hand, continue forward development, on the other hand, suffer frustration. At last, used the history view of modernization, made thorough delicately investigation to the prosperous of work-relief business, and made more objective and fair review to it’s historical function.Chapter 4 systematically discussed main operation process of work-relief during the period of the Nanjing Kuoming government. Its procedure although is complicated, have regulation can follow, having a vestige can find. Its operation process concretely include preparation, construction and check three stages. Preparation stage that before construction stage, including establish the work-relief management organization, examine and approve work-relief item, carry on the spot investigate, establishing to advertise for ground and dismantlment system, drafting work-relief plan and develop to invite bids to contract for business. The construction stage of work-relief includes preparation before construction and implementation that plans of work-relief. The acceptance stage of work-relief includes to hand in finishing construction written report of engineering, carries on engineering acceptance and the sorting file data of work-relief.Chapter 5 from two levels that “person”and“thing”management to discuss main circumstance of work-relief management during the period of the Nanjing Kuoming government in detail. and carry on thoroughly study to management of work-relief that from two level. Firstly, carried on an investigation to management of work-relief during the period of the Nanjing Kuoming government that from“person’s”management, carried on analytical elucidation to work-relief management, including life management, hygiene management and education manage four aspects.Secondly, from the level of "thing" of work-relief management during the period of the Nanjing Kuoming government, to carry on an investigation completely, to carry on systematical treatise to it from three aspects that quality management, funds management and material.Chapter 6 synthetically made use of various historical view to carry on a total evaluation to the work-relief during the period of the Nanjing Kuoming government. Firstly, systematically investigated the characteristics of work-relief during the period of the Nanjing Kuoming government completely. Secondly, delicately analyzed effects,existent problem and baffling factors of work-relief during the period of the Nanjing Kuoming government. lastly, objective and equitably evaluation the historical influence of work-relief during the period of the Nanjing Kuoming government.Remaining parts in foundation of comprehensive investigating history of work-relief during the period of the Nanjing Kuoming government, from four aspects that engineering construction, personal management, society relation, condition of depending on, to summary to the history apocalypse of work-relief during the period of the Nanjing Kuoming government,in order to draw historical lessons of the pros and cons. |
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