A Study On The Taiwan Authority And It’s Representation Of The United Nations (1949—1971)

China is a founding member of the United Nations. China is a permanent member of the United Nations and the Security Council of the United Nations according to the United Nations Charter in June 26, 1945.The Chinese Kuomintang and the Communist Party of China came into civil war after the end of the Second World War. The Kuomintang retreated to Taiwan in 1949 and the People’s Republic of China became the sole legal government of China. The United States did not recognize the government of the People’s Republic of China, and prevented it from replacing “the National Government of the Republic of China” as the representative of the United Nations and the permanent member in the Security Council of the United Nations. Because of the factors of the United States, the Taiwan authorities had been able to maintain the representative right in the United Nations from October 1949 to 1971. The Taiwan authorities, in terms of the representative of China, had experienced a historical process, that is, from “strengthening its statues in the United Nations” to “preserving its statues in the United Nations”, and from “preventing ‘two Chinas’ appearing in the United Nations” to “withdrawing from the United Nations”.In addition to the preface and the conclusion, this dissertation includes four chapters as follows:The First chapter reviews and analyzes the establishment of China’s international status after the Second World War and explained the establishment of the Yalta system, including: victory of the Second World War and the Anti-Japanese War; the intention of the great powers in the world and the construction of Yalta System; the Yalta system and the analysis of China "profit and loss".The second chapter discussed the establishment of the United Nations and the establishment of the representative of China, explored the status of China in the world, revealed the interests of the United States and the Soviet Union and their influence on China, as well as analyzed the establishment of the People’s Republic of China, and "China’s representative in the United Nations ". The contents include the outbreak of the cold war and the formation of the Chinese civil war; the end of the Kuomintang regime and the change of the US policy toward China; the establishment of the new China and the Kuomintang regime in Taiwan; the Kuomintang retreatment to Taiwan; the United States’ containment on China; the signing of the Sino-Soviet Treaty of Friendship, Alliance and Mutual Assistance; the emergence of the issue of “China’s representative right in United Nations " and the official proposal of the issue in the United Nations General Assembly; the different positions of the Soviet Union and the United States on the resumption of China’s representative right in the United nations.The third chapter explores the evolution of the Taiwan authorities’ policy to maintain the representative right in the United Nations, explained the Taiwan authorities’ insist on that "it is the sole legal government of China"; the Taiwan authorities’ policy to maintain the representative right in the United Nations experienced the following changes: object to Soviet’s support on the restoration of China’s representative right in the United Nations; urging the United States to suspend the discussion of China’s representative in the UN, which delayed the issue of China’s representatives right in the United Nations for 10 years.The fourth chapter discusses the change of Taiwan authorities on the United Nations and its withdraw from the United Nations. The contents include: “preserving Taiwan authorities’ statues in the United Nations”, “preventing ‘two Chinas’ appearing in the United Nations”, and accepting “the Important Issue Proposal”. Because "the Important Issue Proposal" could not help Taiwan authorities gain the votes of more than 2/3, Taiwan authorities were forced to withdraw from the United Nations.The conclusion part explored Taiwan authorities’ policy to maintain its representative right in the United Nations and its failure, and revealed characteristics of the policy and reasons for its failure. The emergence and development of the issue of China’s representative right in the United Nations is relevant to the Cold War. It was affected by the struggle between US and Soviet Union. With the improvement of Sino US relation and the rising of China’s international status, the countries in support of China in the United Nations increased. These factors made the Taiwan authorities unable to maintain its representative right in the United Nations. With the failure to stop the “double representation”, the Taiwan authorities decided to withdraw from the United Nations. From maintaining its representative right to withdrawing from the United Nations, the Taiwan authorities have been in a passive and adjusting position. Taiwan’s withdraw from the United Nations was not only affected by the cold war and United States, but was an inevitable outcome of China’s struggling for “the legitimate right”.