Ecological Criticism And Green Road To Liberation

With the development of industry, human society has shown a tremendous change,the rapid development of economy, people’s living standards have been greatlyimproved, but at the same time, it also produced the ecological problems to threathuman survival and development. To address this issue, in practice,"Greenmovement" had been launched to protect the ecological environment in the West. Andthis time also produced a political ecology, ecological Marxism, environmental politicsand some social sciences in the aspect of theory. Ecological Marxism is an importantgenre of Western Marxism, is a new development of Western Marxism in today’s era ofbackgrounds. Ecological Marxism tried to find the real cause of the ecological crisisand find ways to solve this complex problem.This paper’s focal point is ecological critique of ecological Marxism to capitalistsociety, focusing on the systematic analysis of the foundations of capitalist society onanti-ecological nature, elaborated road green liberation ecology Marxism proposed thatthe socialist road ecology. Finally, the practical value of ecological Marxismconstruction of ecological civilization is the end result of this article. This paper isdivided into five chapters:The first chapter is the introduction. First, introduce the background andsignificance of the topic of ecological Marxism. Second, summarize domestic andforeign scholar’s research status on ecological Marxism. Finally explain the researchmethod and innovation of this article.The second chapter reviews the ecological Marxism’s background and theoreticalsources. Industrialization process of human society, global ecological crisisand ecological movement makes the ecology of Marx doctrine produced with the requirements of the times, coupled with the appearance of the traditional socialistmodel problem, so that some scholars gradually began to reflect the existing problemsof socialism, therefore, these provided the prerequisite for the producing of ecologicalMarxism. Marxist theory of ecology is not coming out of none; it has a solidtheoretical foundation and the ideological origins. Marx’s theory on the relationshipbetween man and nature provides a theoretical premise for the Ecological Marxismanalysis of the relationship between man and nature. In addition, Ecological Marxismis the combination of ecology and Marxism. Therefore, ecological theory has alsobecome an important source of Ecological Marxism theory. In addition，the FrankfurtSchool’s critical theory of society is indispensable theoretical source toMarxism theory.The third chapter elaborates the ecological Marxism’s Ecological Critique to thecapitalist society from five perspectives. First, this chapter analyzes the ecologicalMarxism’s criticism on the capitalist system itself. Paper from the secondcontradictions of capitalist society, the material transformation of the capitalist modeof production fracture and capitalist society caused by these three aspects of theecology of the Marxist critique of the capitalist system itself. Ecological Marxismpointed out that ecological crisis is caused by the capitalist system itself, theecological crisis in essence is not a simple environmental problems,it has internalrelations with inherent contradictions that exist in capitalist society, the mode ofproduction and so on. Only through the thorough analysis to capitalist system, to beable to find a way to solve ecological problems. Secondly, the paper studies thecritique of ecology Marxism on alienation of capitalist technology. EcologicalMarxism pointed out that technology itself does not cause ecological crisis, ecologicalproblem is caused by the technology under the capitalist system is used. Developmentof capitalist production can’t separate with technological progress and innovation, butthe purpose of capitalist production is profit, so technology has become a capitalist toolto obtain benefits, and ultimately resulted in the use of technology alienation andecological problems. Thirdly, the paper analyzes the criticism of ecological Marxismon alienated consumer. Ecological Marxism clearly aware of the capitalist societydistorted concept of consumption, therefore start to analyze the damage to theecological environment of the capitalist system from the consumer sector. This sectiondescribes the meaning of consumer alienation and harm resulting from the consumption， and discusses the way ecological Marxism trying to eliminatealienation consumption. Fourth, introduced ecological Marxism to "control nature"concept of criticism. Ecological Marxism believes that the concept of control of naturalecological crisis is leading to the most fundamental epistemological reasons. Thissection describes the control of the natural history of the evolution of the concept;analyzes the relationship between control nature and control people; and discusses thecontrol nature concept how to lead ecological problems; elaborated Ecological Marxistliberate man and nature’s way. Fifth, and finally the paper analyzes the critique ofecological Marxism on ecological colonialism. Ecological Marxism strongly criticizedto bad behavior in capitalist countries, in order to reveal pursuit interests of the naturein capitalist system.reveals the harm to the environment. Developed countriesoccupied and destroyed backward country’s energy resources in order to protect theircountry’s ecological environment. So produce eco-colonialism. In this section analysisthe produced and harm of the ecological colonialism, elaborated ecology Marxismproposed solutions to ecological colonialism.The fourth chapter discusses the way to the green liberation of ecology Marxism.Through a thorough analysis of the capitalist society, we can learn that capitalistsociety is impossible to solve the ecological crisis. Therefore, ecological Marxism putsforward the ecological socialism. They explored the realization’s class power and wayof ecological socialism. Ecological Marxism views that working class is the main forceof the revolution, while the working class are also influenced by the social ideology ofthe capitalist class, but they do not have any means of production, and they are stillin the bottom of the society. The reality shows that the working class is still subjectto oppression and exploitation, therefore, the working class still has a hugerevolution potential. In addition, Ecological Marxism advocated to achieve ecologicalsocialism by the "non violent" way, however, they believe that revolution isnot absolutely. They promote the violent means to achieve ecological socialism at theright moment. At the same time, Ecological Marxism build ecological socialism fromthe economic、political and cultural aspects. The establishment of ecological socialisteconomic development model is divided into two phases. Before ninety time,Ecological Marxism advocated the establishment of steady economic growth way, thatis the way of zero growth. After ninety years, scholar’s views have changed and query about zero growth. They inclined to moderate economic development mode. In theaspect of politics, ecological Marxism advocated the establishment of a newdemocracy in order to promote the balanced development of Ecological Marxism.Ecological Marxism advocated democracy principle. and proposed the establishmentof a fair and just society and the new theory of the state. In the culture, ecologicalMarxism holds that construct a new social harmony culture between man and nature.They advocate the construction of new values, and change the old way of life. Theyadvocate a new green life. In addition, ecological Marxism also pointed out that thesocial members should be educated in many aspects in order to promotethe individual’s overall development.Finally, ecological Marxism is analyzed and expounded practical value. Thesource of Ecological Marxism’s theory is Marxist theory. They are inevitablyinextricably linked. This paper expounds the relationship between them. EcologicalMarxism pointed out the road to explore the sexual practices for us to solve theecological crisis, it has a real sense of the theory, but there are a lot of unrealistic,therefore, in the practice of ecological civilization in China, we should have chosen toabsorb and learn ecological Marxism.