| Chinese society goes into a period of rapid transformation since China’s Reformand Opening-up. The rapid advance of state modernization accelerates thetransformation and marketization of rural field regimes as well as development courseof urbanization, resulting that the rural traditional social structure was in the wholerheological state. The fast loss of rural organization resources and social disorderproposed the objective demands on the rebuilding of rural social governance in thenew period."Organizing" has become the focus of current rural social governancestructure, and the rural social organization is a vital content in this range.The "Rural Social Organization" is defined the systematic mechanism embeddedrural social structure and organization arrangement, being considered as a systematicdiscourse concept. The purpose is to solve the problems of value specification intransformation of rural social management order, life meaning, cultural and spiritual.We overview briefly this organization from theoretical framework, analysis path,theoretical value, research purpose and conclusion five aspects. Theoreticalperspective: The combination of two dominant paradigms (structure and actionresearches of academic society organization) was considered as basic theory frame.We should focus on the administrative field idea of rural social organization andpropose new mutual explaining framework of―structure-action‖in a thinkinglogicality of independent national and active social structure, depending on thetheories of structural function and open group, and on the mechanisms, stra tegies andpaths of middle stations and rural society. Analysis path: We elucidated sufficientlygrowing logic, evolution mechanism, refracting power and development path of ruralsocial organizational field in transformation period through a long research of villagecommunity located in meso-level, from three dimensions of macroscopic, mesoscopic and microcosmic view. Theoretical value: The mutual explaining framework ofmesoscopic―structure-action‖illustrates sufficiently regimes of transformative ruralsocial structure and network relation, and governance logics of the mutual mechanismof configural local knowledge―normal order‖and rural field―action order‖, andevolution and development history of rural social organization field evolved by thismechanism. Research purposes: The objects were to give a reasonable explain on theinherent rules of transformative rural society organization in theoretical and practicalaspects. We also attempted to reframe the administrative frames of new rural societyorganization based on problems in practical aspects. Research conclusions: Theresearches of rural governance based on transformative rural society organization,enrich new perspectives and contents of transformative rural studies, constructstheoretic platform for academic discussions, connects integral development of ruralsociety problems together, and try to develop a exploratory path and governancedevelopment direction of rural society.We pay more attention on the explanation on establishment of resea rchperspectives other than research background and topics basis in introduction. We focuson the paradigms of―state–society‖and―institutionalism‖to solve the problemshappened during transition development period, based on the predominant paradigmof interdisciplinaryresearch path about country guided by―problem consciousness‖inacademic circles. It can be concluded that the two paradigm paths (―state–society‖and―institutionalism‖) imply actually the internal logics between exploring moderndevelopment of transition stations and governing transition, including how to illustratethe nature of social structure adjustments caused by great transitions, and discuss howthe the new social orders of action subject function to adapt to the social mutua lgovernance demands during modern transitional period. The explaining frame ofmutual―structure-action‖was selected as research strategy and analysis tool,depending on the essential properties of social science research methods andtheoretical discussion of rural problem researches.The chapter2illustrates the theory basis of mutual perspective of―structure–action‖, which was adjusted and developed on the basis of the amendment of classicstructural–functional theory and better post–structuralist theory frame. In addition,the mutual perspective of―structure–action‖draws the theoretical elements ofpolitical science related with state, society, structure–action and behavioral science. It is a comprehensive analysis frame, which is more systematic, dynamic, open andpractical, indicating the harmonious and inclusive value proposition. The―dynamiclogic‖,―integration-differentiation logic‖and―balanced logic‖, based onthe connotation of structure function theory, were agreement with t he threecharacteristics of rural society organization in transformation period, whichpresuppose the theoretical basis and logical premise of transitional rural societyorganization system under theoretical frames of structural function. Rural societysystem has changed greatly as a whole. In traditional structure frame, the governancefields, which were composed of the relation of rural society and state, social spatialpattern, collective action logic, relational schema, and environmental system, areneeded to be reshaped. The reshape also promotes emergence of new orderarrangement and the reconstruction of suitable valuable rural society structure. Thetheoretical spirit of frame means mutual effects and shaping between social structuresand factors, as a result that develops to harmonious order structure,(i.e. equilibriummind), being considered as mutual patternof―structure-action‖.The chapter3illustrates the inner characteristics of the transitional rural societyorganization management under the perspective of organizational openness. Theorganizational openness perspectives under view of―structure‖-―action‖emphasizesthe complexity, polygonality and their mutual loose relationship. The openness systempays more attention to process than structure, emphasizing the mutual effect amongthe organizational factors around the organization. Meanwhile, environment isregarded as the ultimate resource of substance, energy and information, and all thesewere the key points of the continue system. The analytical framework of―structurechange and administrative transformation of transitional rural society organization‖was established; starting with the transitional rural society structure changes and itstransitional history venation and development path, the implication and path ofadministrative structure and action change of transitional rural society organizationwas illustrated in aspects of the macroscopic, madhyamapratipad and microcosmic,basing on the logical thinking of―space transformation–structure evolvement–filedtransition–organization restructuring–governance development".The chapter4gives a detailed introduction on the transformational motivation anddevelopment path of the transformational rural social organization governa nce field. With the interconnection with the external environment system, the rural socialorganization in the transformation period takes in the materials and strength from thegrowth and development of new rural organizations. The overall features of the ruralsocial organization systems were reshaped through the adaptive transformations andstructuralization of sustaining and inherent system and the changes and evolutions oforganizational fields were promoted. The motivation originates from the dissipat ivedynamic structure of growth mechanism exhibited by rural social organizationalopening system under special spacetime fields. The investigation of the changes andevolutions of rural social governance fields was the detailed demonstration of ruralsocial transition and the process of structural integration under rural socialorganization opening system. It is also the process of digging into inner systematicdynamic mechanisms and development logics, which clearly exhibits the bordercharacteristics and evolutional status of the dissipative structure of system. Thereby,the problems, including the growth logic, dynamic mechanism, running path anddevelopment tendency, were explained effectively during the process of evolution ofthe rural social organization governance field.In the chapter5, the rural elderly association, the typical representative of ruralsociety organization in transformational period, was taken for an example. Theobjectives were to explain whether the structural mutual action path is can be used tocope with actual problems, and whether the combinated discussion of practicallanguage and theoretical frame is feasible. Rural elderly association as thematerialization of objective existence, not only deeply embedded in the rural socie tyenvironment and with the whole development process of rural society, but also with itsform and function change reality in the overall environment of the nationaldevelopment and times demands keep synchronic. Research object d irectly from therural society "organization" of the historical criticism and reflection of The Times, toexplore the management of rural society deep transformation proposition, analyticaldevelopment of rural social organizations, such as the elderly association era of therealistic meaning and value. Focus on the field situation of rural social transformationbrought by modernity and reveals the essence of the phenomenon behind roots, isconducive to better grasp the development of the rural social organization deepmeaning, understand the rural social governance reality oriented and futuredevelopment trend. Chapter6is focused on the suggestions on policy. We try to put forward the path ofrural society development based on the thought of balanced governance. Such thinkingpath originates from the following three enlightments: the methodological significanceof research perspective; the thinking transformation reflected from the historicalrethinking on the traditional path of national rural governance; the practical appeal toimprove the development capability of national modernization and the governance oera transformation. We also give detailed illustration on the practical construction ofthe transitional rural social organizations through the balanced mechanisms of actors,regime and environment aspects.The chapter7is the conclusion part. We give the discussion and conclusion for thewhole text from the two aspects of theory and reality.The theories were developed basing on the exploration on new explainedperspectives in speculative view. The aims were to explore the explain idea of thegeneral problems happened in rural field in transitional period. In addition, it isnecessary to test the reasonability and feasibility of the theoretical perspectives on thebase of realistic experience materials, and continue to adjust and complete the explainideas and demonstrative logic of explanation frame. At the real level, basing on thedevelopment trend of China’s modernization, the institution design of the rural socialadministration established by government should be gradually change from"government administration type" to "enabling type". We should consider theendogeny as nuclear, and regarded the extrapolation as shell, in order to develop thedevelopment ideas of connection and modest separation between nuclear and shell,helping country establish independent order. These would lay solid bases for theconstruction of a new harmonious modern countryside, the well-off society in anall-round development, the national modern management system and the overallimprovement of management ability. |
PDF Full Text Request