Evolution And Reconstruction Of The Contemporary Chinese Rural Order Pattern

In the process of the national modernization, the changing and construction of rural order is a problem that cannot be evaded. This problem has two causes: Firstly, as the history evolves, the rural society is showing growing importance and has formed its unique values and developing patterns. Secondly, in the pass, the modernizing processes of China had always been pushed by the reinforcement of the nation's ability to politically and economically mobilize the rural society. This directly causes that the construction of national regime and the deepening of democratic autonomy in Chinese rural society become two interacting processes, of which the former is mainly exhibited as the continuous infiltration of national administrative power into the rural society, while the endogenetic order of the rural society is a factor of the enlargement of democratic participation and the deepening of autonomy. This paper borrows the research frame and the theoretical angle of the dichotomy of nation and society, trying to explain and evaluate the present rural order on the basis of its evolving history, in order to give scientific and feasible guidance for the future rural order reconstruction and the rural social construction.In the introduction of the thesis, I begin with the center of my research and the problem that this thesis tries to solve, then I bring forward two key concept under the frame of the dichotomy of nation and society, namely the national administrative power and the endogenetic order of the rural society.In the first section, I mainly discuss the evolving course of Chinese rural order as the background of further analysis.The second section plays an important role as a connecting link between the preceding and the following contents in the thesis, in which I mainly introduce the background and present situation of "government in towns, autonomy in villages", which is the leading order in present rural areas. This section contains three parts. The first part is the background analysis of "government in towns, autonomy in villages" layout. The rural social order in the later stage of the people's commune period presents the situation of "powerful nation with weak civil society" and then through internal changes the rural society not only promoted the changes of rural social order but also helped raising the tideof reforming and opening up to the outside world. The second part introduces the new situation and options the rural society faces in order to reconstruct the social order under the condition of the reforming and opening up and their final choice. I think it was under the direction of cultivating the democratic autonomic rural society that the "government in towns, autonomy in villages" layout grew out and has social basis to some degree. In the third part I try to draw the outline of the present "government in towns, autonomy in villages" layout through describing the problems of the villagers' autonomy itself as well as the relationship between the town government, the villagers and this layout.The third section analysises problems on the foundation of the second section. After some introduction of the national administrative power and the endogenetic order of the rural society and their contents, I sum up all existing villages as two categories: villages with coordinative interaction and villages with uncoordinated interaction. And then I divide the latter category into "administrative affiliated villages", "over autonomy villages" and "paralyzed villages" and sum up their features so as to reflection some problems of current rural order.The last section is the part that tries to solve realistic problems. In my opinion, the reconstruction of current rural order need to be carried out on different levels and all levels should take action simultaneously. According to the analysis above, I believe that the reconstruction of rural social order should begin with the solution of existing systematic obstacles and contradictions, and go on to critically survey the role of national administrative power and the endogenetic order of the rural society in rural order's construction course, to cultivate the rural habitants' organizations in the nature of autonomy and promote the villagery democratic process in order to realize the democratic autonomy of rural society.