The Evolution Of The Political Trust Relationship Between Chinese Communist Party And Peasants After The Founding Of New China

The success of the Chinese revolution is a result of the mutual trust and strengthening between the Chinese Communist Party and the peasants. After the founding of the People’s Republic of China,Changing from the revolutionary party to the ruling party, whether they can continue to win the trust and support of China’s largest social groups of peasants is the important foundation of Chinese Communist Party’s long-term governance, national political stability, social harmony and development. Overall, after the founding of the People’s Republic of China for more than sixty years, the peasants in China trust the Communist Party of China, due to the large improvements of their living condition and political status than before. However, after the social transformation of an agricultural society to an industrial society in the modernization process, the solution of Chinese peasants’ problem provides not only huge opportunities, but also great challenges. With the changes of economic system, political model, and social structure, the complex contradictions of peasants’ problems constantly be resolved,and showed up again.The reforming of farming land makes the peasants get the most important means of production – land, which met the economic needs of peasants. Checking and distributing farming drew the national consciousness of peasants. Meanwhile, rooting in depth the party organization at the grass-roots level in rural areas, forming of village-level democracy, and organizing and empowering the peasant s associations, makes the state power ruling deep into the villages, and enhanced the close relationship between the party and the peasants.Political mobilization and class divisions further awakened the peasantclass consciousness; and strengthened peasants ’ trust in the ruling party.Concerning the social construction in the rural area, as well as the weaknesses of peasant economy after the land reforming, the CPC doubted and tried to transform the attribute of the small peasant economy by changing the relations of rural relations, and make them contribute for the nation’s industrialization: on the one hand, they accelerate the upgrading of cooperative public ownership of farming land gradually, implement the monopoly purchase of agricultural products in state level; on the other hand, they adjust the class division policy, enhance the advocacy of peasants’ national awareness. On this condition, peasants “political psychology” changed, some of them even dropped out of the cooperative organization. But because of the party’s ideological work, class strategy and political pressure, peasants gradually trust and obey the party’s policy in a certain extent. The “great leap forward” policy and the great famine deteriorated farmer’s survival condition at a sudden, although the people’s commune system was adjusted, the basic system of highly centralized planning economy system and the totalitarian regime destructed the agricultural productivity, hindered peasants’ producing enthusiasm and initiative; the intensified class contradiction and ideological education helped little to improve peasants’ political trust. The trust level of peasants to Party and national policy and village cadres is lower and lower, consequently,private confrontation behaviors showed up, such as sabotage, conceal assets, embezzle public property, etc. The responsibility system of implementation of the household products rapidly improved the economic income of peasants, followed by the disintegration of the people’s communes and the establishment of countryside politics and village governance meet peasants’ requirements for democratic management in village level. The trust of peasants to the party and thecountry rapid resumed. In the 1990 s, institutional, structural and policy conflicts increased. With the reducing of peasants’ organization degree,they lost their privilege in the market competition, sustained increase in agricultural production and peasants’ income has been affected,peasants’ burden is heavier, the gap of social differentiation between rich and poor is widening, the relations between cadres and the masses in rural areas is deteriorating. Peasants’ trust on the party’s policy is on a downward trend. The two great strategies of rural tax and fee reform and socialist new countryside construction, as well as the measures on rural education, rural medical care, and subsistence allowances etc. symbolize the determination of Communist Party to improve peasants’ living conditions, and to improve the peasants’ political trust. But to reshape the peasants’ political trust of the ruling party is still faced with many challenges and obstacles.In view of the relationship and political trust between the government and the peasants’ political trust, the relationship between the party and the peasants, as well as peasants’ periodic condition, class features, changes,and tendency, this article holds that coupling between the property right system and the agricultural production is the economic determination between CPC and peasants. The impact of ideology and peasants’ psychology determines the value verification of the relationship between the CPC and the peasants ’ political trust; the game between the goal and the interest demands is the basic logic of the relationship between the CPC and the peasants ’ political trust; and the "three rural" theory should be domesticated in the co-relation between the ruling of Chinese Communist Party and peasants in the development of Chinese historical rural context.