Isomorphism And Non-balance: Reflection Of Urban Community Construction Model

Community, the place where I "was born and bred". I can feel the beating pulse of community development every day, I can listen to the notes of community building in the fly every day, my thoughts had to follow the rotation, Bit by bit feeling of life prompted me to reflective research on it, in particular, from CPC Central Committee and State Council Document No. 23 of 2000 as a symbol of urban community construction in full swing, the national community building has been full swinged, and it has just gone through 10 years, it stage into the "nodes " transition period, this let me pay more interests on the reflective research on community construction. This reflective study, on one hand is existing practices and lessons learned from history, is searching a law of nature of community building; On the other hand, the theory of reflection provide theoretical support and Experience for community building of future, promoting community building further development, servicing our strategic development needs during practice.This study, firstly, I will sort and summarize the urban community development process of our country since the founding, perspectiving its context and characteristics of macro-development, then, mainly using the 2005 national survey and recent years community-related survey data on the city community construction in China, analysis the paradox:’isomorphism’ and’non-equilibrium’ empirically, then, have theoretical deconstruction on this basis. Based on combination with’vertical’ ’horizontal’research, come to the basic conclusions:our urban community construction model is a type of exogenous community development model, then, deconstruct the logic of exogenous community building from the goals, power, subject, content, and the path Etc., While seeking the causes of the community development model, the cause, practical realities and the practical difficulties, after the reflective analysis, proposed the theoretical framework vision of prospects for the future development of urban community construction.Introduction part, maily introduces the origins, significance, basic concepts, research topics, research status, research ideas and research methods of the study, etc.The second part, mainly from the’vertical’aspects sorts out and analyzes the background, history and context of urban community construction in China since the founding. China’s urban community building had been started under the macro context: urban, social transformation, level of civilization and the increasing demand, the United Nations community development movement, and under the micro context: our "unit system" disintegration, population movements, urban social problems frequently, and grass-roots democracy, experienced the early days,’unit-Street home system’period, community service time, exploration period, experimental stage, full advance stage demonstration, deepening phase of ascension, seven stages, etc. This process reflects the basic development context: thestatus of urban community construction in China’from the Strategic decisions to the development strategy’, content’from community service to the community building’, construction of the main body’action from the government to social participation’, the relationship between the main body from the’vertical control to horizontal collaboration’, focus of construction ’from the community facilities to community management’, decision-making of construction’from a passive response to active planning’, building strategy’from the experimental demonstration to overall progression’.The third part, according to the survey data, I will analysis the status of its and search its causes of the phenomena’isomorphism and non-equilibrium’of the urban community construction. Here, the ’same structure’ refers to the community building aspects of external or internal, there is a certain ’similar’ or’consistency’, not’the same’ or’same’, Is a comparative concept.’Non-balance’ means the non-equality, dissimilarity, or differential of community construction, including the’quality’ and ’quantity’ aspects, also a comparative concept. The study comparative analysis the same configuration and non-equilibrium phenomena, mainly from the’urban community management system, community public services and facilities, community organizations, staffing, community social organizations, community financial security, community participation and democratic self-government’ six aspects, from’The four major regions, large, medium and small cities, different location within the city, different residents income’ four levels of community. Then, from the "community endowments, regional economic development, government action, social action, macro-institutional environment" five aspects search the cause of isomorphism and non-equilibrium, this section of the analysis and explore the reasons of Isomorphism and non-balanced are the foundation of next part discussion.The fourth part, on the basis of the foregoing analysis, come to our city community development model is the exogenous community development model. This pattern runs through the following logic:①Foreign environmental and power is the Important influence and induction power of China’s urban communities building.②Community development objectives has a disputes between’Local Governance Unit’ and’life community’, in practice, the former is placed more importance, make the target having’externalities’.③Community building power has the intertwines between the needs of community residents and the government needs, in practice, the former playing a more significant results for community building, with’exogenous’ power features.④The main body, government, market, social, and community members have cooperation and dislocation, in practice, the government plays the role of subjectivity, with the body elements of’exogenous’.⑤Construction content has the imbalance between nurturing the spirits and the hardware facilities, the former became the focus of building, have a’exogenous’results.⑥The path of construction has the tension between national construction and social evolution, the former as the main path in practice, formation the ’exogenous’ building path. But, China’s current exogenous mode of community building has practical rationality, this reasonable comes from:China’s strong state-weak social traditional background, the level political, economic and social development and institutional environment, the reality need of national macro-development strategies, reality of community construction resource allocation. and periodic law of the urban community construction. Of course, under this community construction model, there are some practical difficulties, such as, rigid community management digest achieving the goals of state building, lack of community participation in community Leads to difficulties in community governance,. The subject and method of Community public service Supply are single, it lead to insufficient supply and balance. Lacking of community spirit cultivation leads to the loss of community nature.Part V, based on the above the’exogenous community development model’study, I believe that the future of our urban community construction should be take’endogenous community construction model’, endogenous community construction model, is relative to the’exogenous Community Construction model’for the purposes, the source of construction strength mainly depends on the social forces within the community; Look the’life Community’ as the main objective of Community Construction, and realize the return of nature of community depending it. Power sources in the building, community demand is the main basis for decision-making of community construction; about the body of construction, all the body on the basis of the division of functions and cooperation while returning the function; In the community construction content, pay more attention to the cultivation of community spirit; about path of the construction, after’State-led social action’ stage, ultimately achieve the ideal state of community self-government. Its the most prominent feature is its source of power and strength derived from internal and social, and the relationship between the bodies is cooperative diversity, Of course, the result of the’endogenous community construction’ will be the development of community-content-type, Close to the community and return to nature. The theoretical foundation of this’endogenous Community Construction model’is Corporatism, In order to achieve endogenous Community Construction model, first of all, we should make function of community building body clear positioning and return its should: Leadership of the party, government-led, social action, market supporting and residents participating. Then, under the function of body clear, establish a’government-led, social action’, the interaction and cooperation mechanism of action, The action mechanism is established on the premise that making the bodies interests into the interests of community, on this basis, building (bring) the balance between government and community relations and consultation, the partnership and win-win relationship between government and social organizations, complementary and mutual restrictions relationship between management and resident self-government, this is the future macro-vision of urban community construction.