A Study On University Technology Innovation Performance Based On Intellectual Capital

The era of knowledge economy makes intellectual capital a hot topic in both theoretical and practical circles. Scholars begin to extend their researches from an organizational level to regional or even national level, while in the practical circle, enterprises even some regions and countries embark on intellectual capital practices to achieve better and faster development as well as sustainable competitiveness.University is an important organization integrating multiple functions such as scientific research, education and training, knowledge production and technological innovation, etc. There are many researches and practices involving the application of intellectual capital theory to university management at home and abroad. This paper analyzes the inner meaning of intellectual capital, and proposes the composition, inner meaning, basic mode and index system of intellectual capital in China’s universities after considering their actual situations. It is necessary to vigorously enhance the capacity of independent innovation to build an innovation-oriented country. Therefore, as a hard-core strength in national innovation system, universities should not only provide a solid knowledge base, talent resource and scientific support for nation-building, but also possess the capability for sustainable development so as to incessantly improve the country’s capability and spirit of innovation. Evaluation on university science-technology innovation performance can promote self-development and improvement, and even optimize resource allocation; therefore it is of great importance to the founding and perfection of China’s scientific and innovation system. This paper realizes an organic combination of the two through an academic approach, and it has important theoretical as well as practical significance.The paper attempts to discuss the evaluation and improvement of university’s research and development innovation performance from the perspective of university intellectual capital. First it analyzes how intellectual capital acts upon and influences university’s capability of scientific research and innovation, then it applies trend-surface analysis based on cluster analysis of universities, and finally it returns to the foothold-intellectual capital-based improvement of university innovation performance and gives a solution by using relevant theories. Following this train of thought, the paper is divided into7chapters:Chapter1is introduction. It raises the questions, and mainly introduces research background and significance, as well as its purpose, basic train of thought, framework of content, major innovative points, research method and tools and technology roadmap, etc.Chapter2is literature review and theoretical overview. It reviews the theories of university intellectual capital and scientific innovation, and respectively introduces and summarizes university intellectual capital theory, scientific innovation theory and other systematic theories.Chapter3analyzes the function mechanism between university intellectual capital and scientific innovation capability. It expounds the inner meaning and composition of university intellectual capital, introduces the basic definition of university scientific innovation performance and major characteristics of scientific research innovation activities of China’s universities. It also analyzes the function relationship and realization mechanism between university intellectual capital factor and innovation capability, and provides the major investigation indexes for university intellectual capital factor and scientific innovation capability.Chapter4conducts cluster analysis of university’s scientific research innovation performance based on intellectual capital. It explains the index selection of university intellectual capital and initial data processing, and meanwhile provides a detailed evaluation on the scientific innovation performance of universities. Based on this, it carries out cluster analysis on sample data according to their respective intellectual capital factors, and a macro-analysis on the scientific innovation characteristics of universities in three regions.Chapter5conducts trend-surface analysis on intellectual capital-based university scientific research innovation performance. Based on the function mechanism of intellectual capital on university innovation capability, this chapter explicitly analyzes the model relationship between intellectual capital factor and scientific innovation capability by adopting the principle of trend surface regression. According to the cluster analysis result, it analyzes the intellectual capital resource input and the status quo of resource distribution in each region, obtains the trend-surface regression equation of each region by trend-surface regression model as well as the optimal intellectual capital resource input for each region. Finally it discusses the empirical results according to the theoretical model and its verification result.Chapter6studies the improvement strategies for university scientific research innovation performance based on intellectual capital. It discusses how to make improvements in all aspects of university intellectual capital so as to improve university’s innovation capability. It carries out analysis and gives suggestions on A, B and C kinds of universities based on the result of the above cluster analysis, and discusses improvement strategies for intellectual capital-based university innovation performance. Finally, based on the empirical research results in chapter4and5, chapter6proposes the framework of improving university innovation performance from the perspective of intellectual capital, introduces the basic framework and general strategies for improving university innovation performance, and provides well-targeted countermeasures and suggestions.Chapter7is summary and prospect. It summarizes the paper, concludes the major research results, identifies the limitations and makes prospect for future studies.Basic conclusions of this paper are:(1) University intellectual capital is the knowledge possessed by behavioral subject such as university, individual, organization or region, and the strategic need for state, national or regional social and economic development; it can bring direct and indirect economic and social benefits for a region. University intellectual capital consists of three factors:university human capital, structural capital and relationship capital.(2) University innovation performance refers to the capability of the subjects (university and scientific research institutions, enterprises, governments and intermediary organizations, etc.) in the innovation network who, in the era of information and knowledge economy, utilize policies, systems and social environments, and coordinate and configure network innovation resources so as to continuously inject knowledge, technology, information, talents and other intellectual factors into university’s scientific research and education services and eventually coordinate and promote university innovation. University innovation capability consists of innovation input, environment and performance, among which innovation input includes that of regional government and enterprises, and innovation performance includes direct and indirect ones (i.e. direct output and economic benefit of innovation).(3) Interaction between university intellectual capital and university innovation performance is a part of collaborative innovation system and the combined effect of intellectual capital factors promote feedback of university scientific research innovation performance, and its different resource portfolios exert important impact on target performance. The input degree of university intellectual capital factors needs to combine with internal and external environment to affect scientific research innovation performance. The incentive and promotion from internal and external environment directly determines the adequacy and possession of university intellectual capital resources. After a systematic trend regression model analysis, dynamic optimization and coordination between each sub-region was conducted according to the principle of structural optimization, and input-output information is rectified to the actual situation of each sub-region, so that the optimal resource input structure and quantity of each basic intellectual capital factor were obtained.(4) The three factors of university intellectual capital have to effectively cooperate and collaborate to exert their respective effect on university innovation performance. Human capital must coordinate with relationship capital and structural capital to effectively enhance university innovation performance. For general universities, human capital depends on structural capital to some degree to function; relationship capital and structural capital depend on other factors of university intellectual capital relatively less to function on university innovation performance. For regional universities, there are differences in the content of, the relationship between and the coordination degree of three intellectual capital factors, which results in different effects of intellectual capital on university innovation performance.(5) It is necessary and important to build a three-dimensional intellectual capital collaborative model and mechanism. Empirical study proves that the collaboration among three intellectual capital factors can enhance university innovation performance, and the collaboration mechanism includes collaborations of two levels: collaboration among the three university intellectual capital factors, and collaboration between the inner factors within the innovation system and among regions. Increase in university intellectual capital can promote university innovation performance, but since the improvement of university innovation performance results from the combined impact of various aspects, one-sided improvement in university intellectual capital cannot necessarily realize maximization of innovation performance. The three factors of university intellectual capital need reasonable coordination and configuration, and only their collaboration can effectively enhance university innovation performance. Apart from raising the overall level of university intellectual capital, the coordination and matching among university human capital, relationship capital and structural capital and among the internal factors within the innovation network system should also be emphasized.