Research On The Institution Of Higher Education Shunt

The deepening of mass higher education process, the urgent request of the lifelong education system construction and the diversification of demand to higher education, require higher education in China to establish a reasonable shunt system with reasonable proportion, clear function, and smooth communication. Currently, caused by the imperfect institutions of our country’s higher education shunt, our country’s higher education shunt system has unbalanced ratio, overlapping function and non-smooth communication. To research higher education shunt institutions has the vital significance for the realization of higher education reasonable shunt in China.This study studies along with the thought of "Theoretical discussion--problems analyzed history inductive--thinking innovation". Besides the first chapter, mainly consists of five research content.Section one is theoretical discussion on higher education shunt institutions research, it consist of chapter 2. The core concepts were defined; the main point of the theory of higher education shunt, lifelong education theory, and the theory of institutional change and their guiding role of this research were expounded. Higher education shunt is a purpose, planned and discriminating activities in cultivating high-level talents according to the needs of social development and possible, and the intention and conditions of shunt object. At present, higher education shunt presents the connotation of the new era:multivariate, and communicate the academic education to vocational education, and communicate high level education to low level education, integrate the internal education to the external education, circulate the formal education to informal education. The establishing and perfecting of higher education shunt institutions are impacted by the mechanism and system of government management, and the capacity of independent development of colleges and universities, and the level of students’ participation in higher education management, and the degree of enterprises’ participation in higher education development, and the condition of social thoughts.Section two is the evolution course of Chinese higher education shunt institutions, it consist of chapter 3. Overall, China’s higher education shunt institutions begin to develop after the reform and opening up policy was implemented, and the process was speeded up after the implementation of higher education enrollment expansion policy. The institution of the development of higher vocational education has experienced three stages:preliminary exploration, and building prototype, and constantly perfect; the institution of the development of informal higher education has experienced three stages:prototype stage, forming stage, and ascending stage; the institution of the development of private higher education has experienced three stages:the bud stage, volatility, deepen stage. The "upgraded" institution has experienced three stages:publishing, correcting and adjusting; the "combined training" institution has experienced three stages:brewing, and formation, and implementation. The institution of communicating high level education to low level education has experienced two stages:one-way conversion, and interacted conversion. The institution of integrating the internal education to the external education has experienced three stages:the planned economy period, the early reform and the deepening reform. The institution of circulating the formal education to informal education has experienced two stages:institution published and practice.Section three is analysis of the realistic predicament of our country’s higher education shunt institutions, it consist of chapter 4. Overall, the realistic predicaments that china’s higher education shunt institutions are facing can be summarized as the following three points:1.the lack of top design, and the lack of the coordination; 2. the lack of special legislation, institutions’authority is not strong; 3. the lack of supporting institutions, institutions’ interoperability is too weak. In detail, the realistic predicaments of the institution of the multivariate in the higher education are Institutions’authority is not high, and institutions’ coordination is poor, and institutions’interoperability is not strong; the realistic predicaments of institution of communicating the academic education to vocational education are single, one-way and imperfect in details; the realistic predicaments of The institution of communicating high level education to low level education are the lack of "counterpart" bridging channel in higher vocational education, and the lack of conversion channel in ordinary higher education. The realistic predicaments of institution of integrating the internal education to the external education are the lack of top design, scientific argumentation and operability. The realistic predicaments of institution of circulating the formal education to informal education are the lack of special legislation, nationwide standard framework, and coordinate institutions.Section four is analysis of the reasons of the realistic predicaments of china’s higher education shunt institutions, it consists of chapter 5. There are five reasons:1.the mechanism and system of government management. The higher education management systems that emphasize centralized management, decentralized management, and pay attention to departmental benefit, despise the public interests; the higher education management mechanism that emphasize policy, despise the role of law, and emphasize the role of plan, despise the role of market; 2.the capacity of independent development of colleges and universities. The lack of decision-making rights of university, and the lack of joint development mechanism limit the capacity of independent development of the universities.3.the level of students’participation in higher education management. The consciousness of Participation is weak, the participating ability is not strong, the lack of participation mechanism and institutions make the students failed to take play their principal role in constructing the institutions of higher education shunt.4.the degree of enterprises’participation in higher education development. Enterprise emphasize the economic benefits and ignore social responsibility, emphasize individual action, ignore the mutual collaboration, emphasize the surface form, despise deepen cooperation make enterprise did not play its role in the construction of china’s higher education shunt institutions.5.the condition of social thoughts. The concept of learning is limited, the concept of talent is single, the concept of higher education development is closed and the concept of higher education management is not reasonable, causes the lack of cultural atmosphere for the construction of china’s higher education shunt institutions.Section five is the discussion the innovation of the institutions of china’s higher education shunt, it consist of chapter 6. On the composition of the main body of innovation, the central government is the macro regulators; the local government is the Middle-level regulators; Colleges and universities are the micro perpetrators; Students are the important drivers; the enterprise is an important participant of the innovation of higher education shunt institutions. On the source of power for the innovation, the innovation of Higher education shunt institutions means that the existing pattern of interests between the government (the central government and local government), universities, students, and enterprise, must be adjusted. Only to achieve the balance between all interests through an interest coordination mechanism, and form a consensus of the institutional innovation, the innovation of the higher education shunt institutions can gain the power and is likely to achieve substantial innovation. On the strategy of implementation, four strategies should be taken to promote the innovation of China’s higher education shunt institutions:the combination of the power of government with market, the combination of the top-level design combined with local pilot, moderate breakthrough with steady progress, based on national conditions with a reasonable reference. In the concrete path, specific reform measures should be taken to solve the problems existing in the five institutions of higher education shunt. On the optimization in environment, firstly, optimize the government’s system and mechanism in higher education management; secondly, enhance the capacity of independent development of colleges and universities; thirdly, enhance the level of students’ participation in higher education management; fourthly, improve the degree of enterprises’ participation in higher education development; fifthly, create a good atmosphere of social thoughts.