Research On Population Security Of The Border Region In Heilongjiang Province

The control of population quantity is the successful outcomes of thirty years’ familyplanning policy, which made a huge historical contribution. While low fertility level had become along term trend, population issue turned out as one whole combination of population,environment and resource, social and economic process. For this matter, conflicts between theseaspects and issues related with structure and distribution of population also given birth to atheory known as “Population Security”.This paper invites existing results of Population Security study, leads in new prospectswhile focuses on border area of Heilongjiang province for its unique characteristic, to buildindicators and evaluation system of Population Security, improve theoretical study of PopulationSecurity and provides relevant policy suggestions. It intends to make a contribution to theoreticalstudies of Population Study and harmonious and sustainable development between population,environment and resource, social and economic for border areas.This paper conducts a full scale, systematical study of historical and current statues of theborder area, completes a multidimensional and intensive analyze and research. This paperresearches on exogenous and endogenous variables of population security through investigationand evaluation of natural background, capital accumulation, development of humanities andpopulation and population status of border area. Combine with analyze of natural, social andpolicy effects on population security and its social impacts, which affects by suitability ofenvironment, resource carrying capacity, material accumulation, development of humanities andpopulation, such as level of infrastructure development, degree of transportation convenience,quality of economic development, creativity of social materials, education level, burden ofpopulation, quality of life and so on. Based on demographic statues and characteristics, exploresthe effects of different fertility policy on population reproduction while predicted the trends ofpopulation development of affected border areas. It also dissects the potential safety issues of thisregion, combined with law of population development, level of economic and social development,natural endowments et cetera, selects appropriate indicators of population security to conductintegrate analysis and evaluation. This paper also presents security problems, risk factors,opportunities and proposes countermeasures and evaluation system to promote populationsecurity.The research integrates economic demography, social statistics, resources andenvironment science and uses multiple theories, such as location theory, dual economic theory,unbalanced growth theory, harmonize development theory, sustainable development theory, safedevelopment theory, main functional area theory, and population development function area theory, as guidance on qualitative description. Meanwhile, applys5th and6th Population Censusand a multitude of survey data carries out static and dynamic results of quantitative analysis andforecast of trends. Macroscopic plus microcosmic study applies theory with characteristics ofregional population security, interprets with international, national and regional dimension tostrengthen guidance of security problems from theory to practice and panoramic explores securityeffects of multi-factor changes, regional population trends, security risks and solutions. At thesame time through case study, defines the functional divisions of population development,analyzes the effect of two different family planning policies on population growth systematicallywhich provides strong theoretical support for further theory building.Research results shows that the border area of Heilongjiang province hasirreplaceable location advantages, abundant strengths from resources and environment topromote the development under strong policy support, bond with the optimize progressof population structure makes now is the best opportunity for development. But the populationsecurity is also facing serious challenges, mainly: a small population with slow rate of growthwhich changes fluctuant makes population security lack of quantity and quality assurance.Historically speaking, the lack of accumulation of capital which lags economic development behindleads to a weak economic support of population security. Insufficient support of nationalinvestment, limitations of resource and industrial development leads to a weak policies support.As located in high latitude and cold regions it pump basic costs leads to a weak environmentalsupport.