Evolution Of Modern City Sport Association In Jiangsu Province (1895-1937)

The Modernization Movement opened construction of national and democratic country in China in the late Qing Dynasty, and started the social modernization development, so that it was in sore need of cultivating the nationals according with modernization development. From the late Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China, there were domestic strife and foreign aggression in China. However, the appearance of association and sport association played an important role of organizing and managing in the modern social sport development.Through the methods of document literature, historical analysis, case study and comparative research, focusing on the three cities during the period from1895to1937, namely Shanghai, Suzhou and Nanjing, the study discussed modern sport association development in Jiangsu province.Firstly, the study analyzed modern city sport association development in Jiangsu province. Generally, modern sport association development could be divided to three periods, namely early period in the late Qing Dynasty (1895-1911), promotion period in the early years of the Republic of China (1912-1927) and flourishing period in the national government time (1928-1937)。YCMA in the late Qing Dynasty, education association in Jiangsu province, sport organizations sponsored by chambers of commerce all developed sport activities, and this period was the early period of China’s sport association. Under the influence of these organizations, Chin Woo Athletic Federation came into being. After the founding of the Republic of China, national association and sport association appeared, hence the quantity and influence of sport associtions had increased gradually, and sport association began to develop independently. Through the study of city sport association in Jiangsu province in different periods and the analysis of development features in different historical periods, the research provides with the following general development features:regional difference, social elites as leading force, later exophytic type, multi-factors restriction, from subjection to independence and features of co-development Chinese and Western sport culture. Secondly, the thesis analyzed operation mechanism of modern sport associtions in terms of organizations structure, members, financial resources, activity content and the mobilization method, studies the relationship between sport association and government, and evaluated its historical effects.Lastly, the thesis made conclusions to the historical contributions and experience of modern sport association in Jiangsu province. The historical contributions are as following:cultivating the nationals according with modernization, performing the training of "being gregarious" and being self-government, advertisement of modern sport knowledge, construction of modernized sport site facilities and cultivating modernized professional sport persons. The historical experience are as following:building well interaction relationship between nation and society and taking use of advertisement of social capital, media, social elites and promotion of city sport association models.