Research On Issues Of Employment Of College Students In China

Employment is the bedrock of people’s livelihood while college students’ employment is the core of all kinds of employments. The reason is that college students’ employment involves not only their own benefits and happiness but also those grander populations’ fundamental benefits behind them-thousands of families’. What is more, college students’ employment still involves issues on the backup and increase of our national human resources, which will directly influence our nation’s economic prosperity, social stability and the construction of a socialist and harmonious society with Chinese characteristics. Therefore, the Party Central Committee (PCC) and the Central People’s Government (CPG) attach great importance to this issue and take it as one of their first duties in office.China is and will be in a rather awkward situation currently and for a long period of time. On one hand, the social economy is highly developing; on the other hand, the employment elasticity is constantly weakening. On one hand, the proportion of college students is low and the human resource reserve for college students is quite rare; on the other hand, the unemployment proportion of college graduates is high. On one hand, talents are insufficiently supplied; on the other hand, high salaries are expected to be paid to talents and there are no vacancies of some jobs for college students...... With the special social and economic backgrounds, the issues on Chinese college graduates become particularly urgent. In this setting, the author attempts to explore some problems in this setting. This thesis focuses on studying the issues on employment of China college students so as to find the solutions. By analyzing the current situation of Chinese college graduates and nature of employment of college students, the author puts forward a new way to solve the problem on employment of Chinese college graduates, which offers theoretical support for relevant decisions.First, the application of employment factor in the research, a new paradigm, defines and constructs four types of employment theories, that is, demand-supply theory of employment, structure theory of employment, growth theory of employment and information theory of employment. The purpose is to search for theoretical basis and new perspectives for the study of issues on Chinese college students. Furthermore, the author accurately analyzes and explores the first employment rate of college graduates with the statistic data provided by the Chinese Ministry of Education Students and the investigation data offered by the research group of MyCOS Chinese Students employment. Through the analysis of the current situation of college students employment, the author indentifies the degree of difficulties of Chinese college graduates’overall employment and employment by occupation. As for the overall situation of college graduates employment from 1999 to 2009, it lies between the "moderate risk employment" and "high risk employment", that is, between the "have great difficulty in employment" and "have particular difficulty in employment". As for the college graduates’ employment by occupation, bachelor graduates’ employment lies between "have certain difficulty" and "have great difficulty" from the aspect of college graduates’qualification while the diploma graduates’employment is between "have great difficulty" and "have particular difficulty". From the perspective of subjects, engineering graduates have certain difficulty in employment; graduates of education, law and medicine majors have particular difficulty in employment; graduates of literature, philosophy, economics, history and management majors’employment lies between "have certain difficulty" and "have great difficulty" while the military graduates turn to "have no difficulty in employment" from "employment crisis". From the angles of universities, graduates from "985" colleges and "211" colleges have certain difficulty in employment; graduates from common universities and institutes have great difficulty in employment; graduates from science and research institutes and military colleges tend to turn to have particular difficulty in employment from "have great difficulty"; graduates from independent institutes float between "have certain difficulty" and "have great difficulty" in employment. From the aspect of location, college graduates in Beijing, Tianjin and Shanghai have certain difficulty in employment while the students from other regions have great difficulty. From the perspective of gender proportion, both male and female college graduates have great difficulty in employment.On the basis of the analysis of current situation of Chinese college students, the author makes exploration on the nature of college students’employment theoretically and practically and makes conclusion accordingly. The main problem about Chinese college students’ employment should be attributes to the problems on structure and system, not an overall problem. Then, through the investigation on the situation of college graduates’ employment from Hubei province, the author obtains the data of college students’expectations on employment prospect, income, location, companies, and job-hunting factors and employment information, which testifies the nature of college students’ employment.Finally, the author pertinently puts forward ways to solve the issues on the employment of college students in light of relevant theories from the perspectives of both the overall and occupational employment difficulties and the nature of college students’employment. That is, our Chinese government must clearly defines its duties and change the way of economic growth, from the growth priority to employment priority, establish and carry out strategies of economic development that put the college students’employment first, and painstakingly construct the public service system of college students’employment, the risk-defense system of higher education investment and the coordinating system of college students’labor relation. Meanwhile, colleges need to be set up according to their types on the basis of accurate positioning, innovate patterns of talents cultivation, perfect the settings of subjects and courses, strengthen and improve college students employment guiding work and cultivate students’viewpoints of employment and enterprising spirits so as to achieve the employment-oriented goal. As for the students themselves, they are expected to improve their own qualities, change employment viewpoints, make career life planning and enhance employment ability. Additionally, employers should establish scientific concepts of talents and construct fair competition systems.