The Research About Provincal Population Migration And Regional Economic Development In China

Since the implementation of reform and opening up policy, urbanization,modernization and economic development become faster and faster. In order toconstruct or cultivate market economic system, our country opened up stricthousehold registration management system gradually, which changed the curdledsituation of directional population distribution, the migration population scaleexpanded rapidly. The large scale of population migration produced profound effect tosocial, economic and culture. It can be say that reform and opening up policy is theturning point of population migration from the planned migration to free one. Aftermore than30years of reform and opening up, not only have the earth-shakingchanges taken place in the domestic economy, but the migration population who is ourcountry’s special social group had great changes. There is a close causal relationshipbetween population migration and regional economic development.Under the marketmechanism, population migration which can produce positive influence of stabilizingthe gap between different areas can be promoted by the regional economicdevelopment gap. Therefore, it is necessary to deeply analyze our country’spopulation migration of present situation and future development trend, in order toscientifically understand migration, provide basis for the establishment of relatedpolicies, so that they can promote the coordinated development of population andeconomy.This paper is from the view of provincial population migration. First of all, comparingthe data of the fifth census with the sixth census, including migration rate, the scale ofpopulation migration, characteristics of migration population age and gender, thecultural quality level of migration population, occupations, and the causes ofmigration changes, in order to set up foundation for grasping the development trend ofthe population migration. Secondly, this paper makes overall analysis on China’sregional economy, so that they can make the connection between economicdevelopment and population migration, so providing basis for studying the relation between regional economic development and population migration. Third, this articlealso studied the relationship between China’s provincial population migration andeconomic development through partial correlation analysis and regression analysis.Finally, from the view of the east, middle and west area, analyzing features aboutpopulation migration among different areas, and the relationship between regionaleconomic development and population migration. At last, summarizing the mainfeature and development trend of population migration, find out some problems, thenput forward some solutions.The research refered above proved that the overall trend of our country’spopulation migration scale expanded rapidly, and the expanding speed of theinter-provincial migration scale became faster and faster since2000. Inter-provincialmigration population who had not received education or elementary education showedan increasing trend, but the tendency of inter-provincial migratory population whohad received higher education decreased significantly. Oppositely, the behavior ofinner-province migration became more active.Comparing with "the filth census"data, during "the six census" period the centerof population migration changed. Shanghai became the first center of populationmigration in our country, while Guangdong and Xinjiang which was the centre ofpopulation migrationas during the period of the fifth census, lost their status duringthe six census period, Xinjiang was no longer the center of population migration.Among these migration centers, the mode of population migration in the area of Bohaieconomic circle was mainly close range migration, while people who migrated intoYangtze River Delta area and the Pearl River Delta area that are with stronge radiationeffect, came from ralativly far away provinces.From the view of the relationship between provincial population migration andeconomic development, the area where there is a large scale of population migrationalso includes these features, such as large population size, large cultivated area, lowlevel of wages. The higher the culture quality of migration, the higher the tendency ofthe people. And centres of population migration include these features, such as higherdegree of opening up to the outside world, more enterprises, larger scale of economy, higher level of wages, and more job opportunities.Looking from the population migration’s influence on the regionaleconomy. Population migration can bring the largest contribution to the economicdevelopment. The second one is people who engaged in the tertiary industry, the totalpopulation and investment scales. Therefore, the most effective way to promoteeconomic development of the immigratiory area including enlarging the scale ofimmigration population, developing tertiary industry, increasing investment andimproving the urbanization process. However, the migratory influence onout-migratory areas is not big, while the impact on economy made by investment andthe second industry population is much bigger.Based on the analysis on the influence made by regional economic developmentto the population migration, we can get the following results. The populationmigration has obvious impact on the regional economic development. Backward ineconomy made people produce the idea of migration, then people will be apt to moveto get greater comparative advantage, go to more developed areas and higher incomelevel cities where there is certain social relations of urban migration, but people willalso consider migration distance factor when they decide to move, the farther themigration distance, the lower the enthusiasm of migration.There is widely migratory discrepancy among our country’s estern, central andwestern area. Looking from the regional distribution of population migration, theeastern part migratory population mainly comes from the central region, but muchlarger part of migratory population of the northern part of coastal areas, such asBeijing and Tianjin mainly comes from the eastern region, then central part. Themigratory population of the central part is mainly constructed by the back flows. Thepopulation migration of western area mainly comes from other provinces of itsinternal region.From the view of the regional relationship between economic development andpoplation migration, the attractive effect to poplation from in-migratory areas is largerthan the pushing effect to population from out-migratory areas. It means the aim tomigrate is to get higher income, and improve the living level. People who migrated into estern part was attracted by the higher income, besides the pushing effect of thelow income of their hometown.People who migrated into central or western area camefrom developed places, and they incline to go to the areas with larger economic scale.From the point of migratory reasons, the uppermost one is for work or business,moreover the rate of male migration population is higher than the female one. And incentral and western part, people’s moving reasons of work and business has thebiggest sexual discrepancy. Except for the reason of work and business, home reasonis another main reasons for central and western region migration, but the rate of femalmigration population is much larger than male one in central and western region.