| Urban agglomeration as an advanced phase form of urbanization, which has been the main type of our country regional economic development, is a main way of promoting the economic development and participation in international competition of a region or a country. The maturity Urban agglomeration in our country are distributed mainly in developed southeastern coastal areas.The Urban agglomeration of Guanzhong is the important part of Eurasian Continental Bridge, the main national transportation and information hub, and the key region for balancing regional economic difference and establishing national city system, but the economic development of Guanzhong lags far behind southeastern coastal areas. In2011, the per captia GDP of Guanzhong is33,000RMB that is a half of Yangtze River Delta and80%of Chengdu-Chongqing area. At present, industrial agglomeration characterized by attracting employment, optimizing industrial structure and improving economic benefits has been the key factor of pushing the development of industrialization and urbanization. Guanzhong is being in the stage of industrialization from metaphase to anaphase. This fact determines that Guanzhong should take more attention to the development of urbanization and industrialization. Therefore, industrial agglomeration as a leading force driving the development of urbanization and industrialization should be an inevitable choice of Guanzhong for achieving its all-round economic development.A case of manufacturing industries of Guanzhng, this study depends on the national strategic positioning and the existing problem of Guanzhong systematically, and analyzes the manufacturing industries agglomeration of Guanzhong from4respects:existing circumstance, developing characteristics, forming mechism and effects. The main research contents of this study is shown as follows:(1) the existing circumstance of Guanzhong urban agglomeration and its industries;(2) the agglomerative characteristics and types of manufacturing industries;(3) the forming mechanism of manufacturing industries agglomeration;(4)the effects caused by industrial agglomeration. The main research conclusions are as follows:1. Making a summarization of theoretical basis and research literature on industrial agglomeration and urban agglomeration. Firstly, we made a definition of Industrial Agglomeration and Urban Agglomeration, and presented their concept property. Then, summarized the theoretical basis of industrial agglomeration and urban agglomeration. Finally, pointed out we should pay more attention to the research of industrial agglomeration under medium scale and analyze agglomerative characteristics, formation mechanism and agglomerative effects. 2. Analyzing current problems existed and basic reasons of the development of Guanzhong. Although there are the advantages of significant location, richful resources and technologies in Guanzhong, it still exists problems with low growth of economic development, less competitive power of core city, low-rate of urbanization and unreasonable structure. Industries of Guanzhong have a good and distinct base, but they also have problems of low growth of industries, small scale of enterprises and unreasonable industrial structure. The key reason resulting in those problems above in Guanzhong is the discordant development between industrialization and urbanization. So, industrial agglomeration is basic power to drive both them with a coordinated development.3. Analyzing the agglomerative level and the evolution characteristics of manufacturing industries with Ellison&Glaeser Index (EG Index), the results showed the agglomerative level of manufacturing industries is overall high. We analyzed spatial association of manufacturing industries by Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis (Moran’s Index). The research results showed manufacturing industries has a positive spatial association but the associated degree is low. After that, we established the plane coordination relationship between EG Index and Moran’s Index, then divided industrial agglomeration of manufacturing industries in Guanzhong into4types:agglomeration-concentration, agglomeration-dissociation, dissociation-disjection and dissociation-concentration.4. According to the viewpoint of New Economic Geography, there are4aspects of mechanism to form industrial agglomeration in Guanzhong:hierarchical scale of cities, urban resources, spatial structure and policy. Then, we set up the multiple linear regression model on industrial agglomeration of manufacturing industries in Guanzhong by4factors above. In the results, hierarchical scale of cities, urban resources are important to form manufacturing industries agglomeration in Guanzhong, while policy system and spatial structure are less important.5. Discussing the spatial effect and the economic effect of Guanzhong caused by manufacturing industries agglomeration, we found that manufacturing industries in Guanzhong presents ring-layer spatial distribution pattern. With the function of this spatial distribution pattern of manufacturing industries, the spatial structure of Guanzhong presents the similar ring-layer:the core layer consisted by Xi’an city, the middle layer consisted by Baoji city, Xianyang city and Weinan city, the edge layer consisted by Tongchuan city. At the same time, we measured the economic growth of Guanzhong affected by manufacturing industries agglomeration with the method of Constant Elasticity of Substitution Production Function (CES), and achieved the "h" value of5.338. It indicates that manufacturing agglomeration play a significant leading role on economic growth in Guanzhong which manifests as urbanized economic effect.As for the contribution of this study to research,(1) on research viewing angle, we fiist time definited manufacturing industry in Guanzhong as medium research, it enriched the research scale of industrial agglomeration.(2) In theory, we established the formation mechanism of industrial agglomeration and elaborated the economic effect on industrial agglomeration, it promoted the theoretical study on the effect relationship between industry agglomeration and urban agglomeration.(3) In methods, we comprehensively applied two methods to measure and divide manufacturing industries agglomeration in Guanzhong, it improved measuring methods of industrial agglomeration.Though the above researches, we precede the theory exploration to improve the relationship between industry agglomeration and urban agglomeration, and provide the scientific evidence to promote the coordinated development of industrialization and urbanization in Guanzhong. |
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