Study On Climate Adaptability Of Typical Traditional Dwellings Envelope

As representation of local buildings, traditional dwellings are graduallyaccumulating products of constant trial and improvement based on agricultureproducing methods. In conditions of limited materials and resources, practical, efficientand maintainable traditions dwellings had been developed with simple and practicalconstruction technology, combination of local natural climate and cultural practices.Inherent climate adaptability is the essence of traditional dwellings that can be referredby most of modern ecological building design.In this paper, the valuable intergenerational experiences of traditional dwellingshave been analyzed, explained and refined through modern scientific theories andtechnical measures as well as modern research methods have been used to reveal thedeeper scientific connotation. Around climate adaptabilities of envelop system oftraditional dwellings located in different climatic zones at home and abroad,systematically theoretical researches and data analyses have been carried out. Focusedon aspects of the thermal performance of exterior wall and roof, roof overhang length,roof slope angle, inherent mechanisms of climate adaptabilities of envelop system oftraditional dwellings have been deeply studied and raised up to systematicallytheoretical level. The following major achievements have been given up:1) Taking a wide view of the foreign traditional dwellings, in the process of formfollowing climate changes, there are significant regional differences on aspect ofstructure forms and construction materials between different traditional dwellingswithin each climate zone. Adaptabilities to local weather of traditional dwellings haveproduced naturally. 2) For different traditional dwellings located in different climate zones, theperformance efficiencies of each passive are much different. In cold or extremely coldclimate zone, the heat storage capacity performs maximum role as well as theventilation performs maximum role in hot summer and warm winter zone. In hotsummer and cold winter zone and warm zone, the heat storage capacity performsmaximum role in winter and the ventilation performs maximum role in summer.3) For traditional dwellings located in different climate zone such as Alkaline SoilDwellings, Manzu Dwellings, Qinghai Zhuang Ke Dwellings, Xinjiang A Yi WangDwellings, Huizhou Dwellings, Tuzhang Dwellings, Dai Bamboo Dwellings andGuizhou Shiban Dwellings, the thermal characteristics of envelope systems haveembodied the obvious climate adaptabilities. The distinctive climate adaptabilities isunmatched in modern brick buildings with ordinary brick and reinforced concrete roof.4) Eaves, as part of envelop system, with different shapes and overhanging lengths,have embodied obvious climate adaptabilities. The overhanging lengths of eaves at eastand west side of building, shows significant differences at different latitude region, aswell as the overhanging lengths of eaves at south side of building shows little differenceat different latitude region.5) Among various climatic factors such as solar radiation, temperature, wind speedand rainfall, rainfall is the main factors determining slope of roof. Roof slop isproportional to rainfall. Simultaneously, material of roof also affect slope of roof. Forthe buildings located in same region, the slope of grass roof is greater than slate roofand tile roof.