Research On The Relationship Between Recreation Activity And Space Of The City Park

With the development of the times, recreation activity as the most common form ofleisure in the city life, has increasingly become an effective means to maintain the city’senergy balance and promote the development of the city. City Park is a green space in theform of urban open space, having more agglomeration recreational activities and varioustypes of spaces. It plays an irreplaceable role in meeting city residents’ recreational activities,such as the daily fitness, entertainment and communication. City Park has become thepreferred place for city residents to have a leisure relax, recover and do daily recreationactivities. However, in order to build a scientific and practical city park, we must first thinkabout the types of activity and behavior psychology of the visitors. We must research therelationship between the different recreation behaviors and the corresponding activity spacesof the city park. And on the basis of that, we sum up the characteristics of leisure spacesappropriating to each kind of recreation activities. Only in this way can we get the method tocreate recreational spaces meeting the demand of the public recreation activities. At present,the relevant research is rarely reported. Therefore, from the point of view of the behavioraland psychological of the park users, studying on the relationship between recreation activitiesand its spaces of the city park has great significance for scientific planning, the park spacesconstruction, improving the utilization of park and solving the problems in the process of theconstruction of the park.In this paper, the relationship between recreation activities and its spaces of the citypark bad been researched as follows:1、 Carrying out investigation and analysis of the current situation of recreationalactivities of typical comprehensive parks in Tai’an city, Shandong Province. We selected threeimportant city parks of Tai’an city as the objects of the study. The paper analyzes the primaryattributes of visitors, the utilization characteristics of the recreational spaces and touristssatisfaction at the city park spaces by questionnaire survey, on-the-spot investigation andin-depth interview. From the perspective of the visitors’ psychological needs of parkrecreation spaces, this paper discuses and analyzes targeted the current situation of recreationactivities of the major city parks in Tai’an city. It provides a theoretical reference andguidance for scientific planning, design and construction of the city park. 2、This paper takes the recreation activity space elements as the research object, and thetourists’ recreation activities are divided into three types: fitness, entertainment andcommunication activities. We Select indicator elements from the angle of tourists’ behavioraland psychological tendencies, and using “Objective--index hierarchy” of AHP AnalyticHierarchy Process to built the evaluation index system of city park recreation spaces. On thebasis of the survey of literatures and an investigation of the current situation of parkrecreation activities, this paper observes and records the spaces which each recreationactivities type needed intensively and carefully. It summarizes the important evaluationindexes of recreation space, based on the verifying of the corresponding space function needsof each recreation activity type. In order to ensure that the indicators of authoritative,scientific and operational, after two times of expert consultation and detailed argument,finally space elements index system of recreation activities was determined and to established.And it lays the foundation for elements of spatial structure.3、Using the modern decision analysis method (Analytic Hierarchy Process), the paperresearches the interrelations of recreation space elements of the park. Then we get the weightand importance order of recreation space elements of the park. Weight calculation resultsshow as follows:First-grade indexes influence weight and the order of the constituents of fitnessactivities space are: natural constituents (0.6842)＞artificial constituents (0.3158). Theweight and order of four secondary indexes attached to natural constituents: flat terrain(0.3653)＞variety of plants (0.2263)＞attractive landscape (0.0574)＞undulating terrain(0.0352); The weight and order of seven secondary indexes attached to artificialconstituents: appropriate place (0.1073)＞fitness apparatus (0.0744)＞cultural landscape(0.0514)＞unimpeded road (0.0361)＞shade facilities (0.0231)＞seats and benches(0.0161)＞the lighting facilities (0.0074).First-grade indexes influence weight and the order of the constituents of recreationalactivities space are: artificial constituents (0.5968)＞natural constituents (0.4032). Theweight and order of four secondary indexes attached to natural constituents: relief mountains(0.1868)＞fine scenery (0.1127)＞appropriate water (0.0633)＞variety of plants (0.0404);The weight and order of seven secondary indexes attached to artificial constituents: leisuresquare (0.2346)＞recreational facilities (0.1420)＞field engineering (0.0851)＞shelter facilities (0.0568)＞reasonable road (0.0354)＞dynamic waterscape (0.0250)＞interestingsketch (0.0180).First-grade indicators influence weight and the order of the constituents ofcommunication activities space are: artificial constituents (0.6614)> natural constituents(0.3386). The weight and order of five secondary indicators attached to natural constituents:private space (0.1538)> shade tree (0.0955)> gentle slope mound (0.0474)> beautifulwaterscape (0.0270)> sunshine lawn (0.0149); the weight and order of six secondaryindicators attached to artificial constituents: field boundary (0.2865)> Leisure chairs (0.1843)> resting areas (0.0795)> appropriate square (0.0533)> tree-lined road (0.0352)> landscapesketch (0.0227).4、The paper takes index system of recreation activities space of the city park as theframework, combined with the observations, interviews with tourists of the park and analysisof a large number of specific examples. It sums and combs the construction methods of thethree park recreation spaces: fitness, recreation and communication. On the point of view ofthe relationship between the city park recreation activity and its corresponding space elements,this study makes a discussion and analysis of spatial elements indexes suitable for differenttypes of recreation activities. And modes of the park recreation activities, time, locations ofthe activity space, types of space and characteristics of the space were studied. We got thecharacteristics of recreation activity spaces appropriate to each kind of recreation activities.And the design technique of recreation spaces was proposed to meet the public demand.