Study On Optimization Of Regional Transportation Structure

Bottleneck condition of transportation in China was relaxed on a certain extent, but not solved radically, Its "obvious" restrict was replaced by "latent" restrict, there is a lot of contradiction on transportation structure, the development of transportation is not obviously harmonious, sustainable development of transportation is increasingly severe. in order to solve a lot of problems induced by irrational transportation structure, On the basis of collecting a great deal of domestic and overseas literatures,10actualitys and4insufficiencys on the studyof transportation structure are held by analyzing and studying synthetically, mostly research works and main research results was made as follows:1. On the evolvement and its law of transportation structure. First, the conception of transportation structure and its evolvement were elucidated, the classify and expression of transportation structure were studied. Dissipation structure character, selforganizing mechanism, common process and form of the evolvement of transportation system structure were researched by the use of the principle of system selforganizing and elseorganizing; the relationship between competition and collaboration for transportation modes each other was studied by using Logistic model; the main influence factors of the evolvement of passenger and goods transportation demand structure were analyzed and studied; the influence factors, main causations and general mechanism of the evolvement of transportation structure were researched; the influence of the progress of traffic science and technology to the evolvement of transportation structure were researched; the main influence factors&common laws of the evolvement of transportation structure, and its revelation for optimization of transportation structure were concluded by the use of induction and deductive method.Research result indicates:dependence process between competition and collaboration is the dynamic evolvement process of transportation structure, their translation is main promoting power each other; it is very importance role for traffic science and technology to the evolvement of transportation structure; there are at least6common laws of the evolvement of transportation structure and8revelations for optimization of transportation structure. These laws need be followed by optimization of transportation structure.2. On the optimization analysis of transportation structure based on supply and demand character, by the use of the principles of transportation economics, system science and自助theory of information entropy, many basic concepts (for example, transportation demand and supply etc.)were differentiated, the interrelations between these concepts were analysed quantitatively, the validity of forecasting of transportation demand and the basic principles of optimization of transportation structure were discussed; demand characters and basic elements of passenger and goods transportation were analyzed, demand costs were studied quantitatively, measuring models were founded respectively; the supply characters(namely technology and economy character)and applicable scopes of5transportation modes were analyzed respectively and compared quantitatively, the measuring models of main supply characters were founded respectively; it was primarily analyzed and studied that optimization of transportation structure was influenced by transportation supply and demand character and the homologous status between them; information entropy models of supply and demand structure of passenger and goods transportation were set up respectively, the appraising model and criterion of the adaptability between transportation supply and demand structure were founded based on structure information entropy; a cases was studied.Research result shows:there are at least8charactes and6basic elements of transportation demand; the optimization of transportation structure is gravely influenced by transportation supply and demand characters and the homologous status between them;6basic principles need be followed by optimization of transportation structure; the characters of transportation supply and demand structure are measured by making use of structure information entropy, entropy value of supply structure is needed to be consistent with entropy value of demand structure, changing trend or velocity of entropy functions are well consistent with each other; difference coefficient Cv(t) is relatively close to0, adaptability degree G(t) is close to1. these laws should be followed by optimization of transportation structure.3. On optimization of regional microcosmic-level transportation structure. First of all, district character of transportation structure was elucidated; by utilizing the theory of complex system and the principle of harmonization theory, harmonious character, relationship types and harmonious mechanism of transportation system structure were analyzed and studied; mechanism model and harmonious steps of the development of transportation system structure were brought forward; index models of development, harmonization and persistence of microcosmic-level transportation structure were mainly set up respectively; optimization appraising was studied.the research result indicates that transportation structure possesses regional character; there are4relationship types; the status of development, harmonization and persistence of microcosmic-level transportation structure are measured and appraised by the hereinbefore index models; the status of optimization of microcosmic-level transportation structure is also appraised by exceeding degree of dominant factor and matching degree between factors of transportation subsystem.4. On optimization of regional middle-level transportation structure. On the basis of4.3chapter, the index models of development, harmonization and persistence of middle-level transportation structure were educed respectively; middle-level transportation structure was forecasted, analysed and controlled by employing Markov chain model; the path model and two arithmetics of optimization of middle-level transportation structure were furnished based on economy cybernetics; on the appraising of the rationalization of transportation structure, the appraising indexs of qualitative harmonization and quantitative proportion between transportation modes were founded, the appraising modes of efficiency, benefit, and comparative preponderance of transportation structure optimization were weightly set up respectively by applying the theory of industrial structure optimization; the upgrading of transportation structure was appraised by similarity discriminant and distance discriminant; Finally, the passenger transportation structure in The Pearl River Delta Area was researched by demonstration, correlation decision-making analysis was made in order to validate the validity of the models and arithmetics of structure forecasting and path optimization.the research result indicates that the status of development, harmonization and persistence of middle-level transportation structure are measured and appraised by the hereinbefore index models; the structure and balance structure of future passenger transportation are forecasted and calculated respectively, and optimization analysis is made by Markov chain model; in order to achieve a certain perfect transportation structure, annual increaseing ratio of turnover gross of each transportation mode and least year number are calculated respectively by hereinbefore path optimization model when the increaseing ratio of turnover gross of transportation system is not less than a certain proportion; the degrees of harmonization, rationalization and upgrading of regional middle-level transportation structure are appraised by hereinbefore indexs of qualitative harmonization&quantitative proportion,3appraising modes and2discriminant respectively.5. On optimization of regional macroscopical-level transportation structure. On the basis of4.3and5.2chapter, the index models of development, harmonization and persistence of macroscopical-level transportation structure, and the index of harmonization and development of the whole transportation system structure were educed respectively; the analysis&appraising model and its arithmetic of the adaptability of passenger and goods transportation structure were set up and used to research the adaptability of transportation structure by employing grey relationship analytical (GRA) method; by the use of input-output analytical (IOA) method, the input-output character of optimization of macroscopical-level transportation structure and correlation decision-making was analyzed and researched, the ratio of optimum investment structure of transportation structure was sought based on maximizing the ratio s of final net income (or final production value) of macroscopical-level transportation structure, departure degree η and harmonization degree γ between the ratios of practical investment and optimum investment structure was educed;the model and arithmetic of optimization of macroscopical-level transportation structure were founded based on the concept of sustainable development; a series of appraising indexs and methods of adaptability, modality character and sustainable development of macroscopical-level transportation structure were provided respectively, thereinto, the appraising model and arithmetic of modality character of road network were emphatically educed based on fractal dimension of Fractal Geometry, modality character was appraised by the indexs of the covering degree and covering deepness of road network; the appraising model and arithmetic of sustainable development of transportation structure were Primarily founded based on degree of grey incidence and information entropy. Finally, the adaptability of passenger and goods transportation structure in The Pearl River Delta Area and the modality character of a regional road network were researched by demonstration, correlation decision-making analysis was made in order to validate the validity of the models and arithmetics of adaptability analysis and modality character appraising of transportation structure.the research result indicates that the status of development, harmonization and persistence of macroscopical-level transportation and the whole transportation system structure are measured and appraised by hereinbefore index models; the adaptability of regional transp-ortation structure is appraised by the model and arithmetic based on degree of grey incidence; the optimal direction and degree of practical investment structure adjusting of transportation industry are confirmed by the use of hereinbefore ratio of optimal investment structure, departure degree η and harmonious degree y, and used to provide decision-making basis for the optimization of investment structure of transportation industry; rational transportation structure under established condition is sought by using hereinbefore model based on the concept of sustainable developmen; the covering degree and covering deepness of road network are more science and more rationalization than its density index, thus ought to be made the most of, covering degree D(r))1.661and its covering deepness r are used to judge whether covering modality structure of regional road network is rationalization, and its function is perfect.The intention of hereinbefore analysis and research is to provide new thinking and method in order to optimize the structure of regional transportation.