| With the development and progress of human society, more and more importance is attached to nature protection of original ecology. The construction of natural protection areas has emerged as the times require, which provides a basis for the human beings to understand nature and change nature. This paper takes the virgin forest of Hanma National Nature Reserve as the main study object. Based on the second-class sublot survey data of the forest resources, and on the basis of the comprehensive evaluation and analysis of the quality of forestland, we have made quantitative analysis on the protection effects of forest resources, forest sustainability, naturality of forest and its landscapes, and compared the changes of forest resources in the natural protection area and the processes of land-type transformation, explored the effect of the over-20-year forest protection in Hanma National Nature Reserve from1989to2012. The main research work is as follows:First, The protective effect of the number of forest resources protection. Based on the analysis of the area, volume changes in the number of forest resources conservation in1954-2012year Inner Mongolia Hanma national level, based on the use of ARCGIS method, the structure of forest resources change process was analyzed. The results show that, regardless of the forest area in1954-2012nature reserve and forest stock volume growth. In2012, the forest land area accounts for93.23%of the total area of protected areas, forest land accounts for94.96%of the total area of forest land area ratio was30.16%,1954. The stand volume per unit area increased gradually from1954to1989, volume per unit area increased from65m3/hm2to84m3/hm2, increased18m3/hm2, annual growth rate of0.8%; from1989to2012, volume per unit area increased from84m3/hm2to91m3/hm2, increased7m3/hm2, annual growth rate of0.6%. From1989to2012, Hanma national nature reserve forest area increased, and the increasing speed is very quick, increased10147hm2, woodland, shrub land and marsh and bare rock area in decline, woodland area decreased by4564hm2, shrub forest area decreased4129hm2, marsh and bare rock area was reduced by2113hm2Burned area increased by1081hm2. Through the protection of more than half a century, with typical bright cold temperate coniferous forest are effectively protected, forest land to the class body is becoming more and more significant, the dominant species of Larch in Xingan’s main body status has been enhanced. At the same time, Zuan Tianliu, sweet Yang and other native species from scattered gradually formed stand, also marks the diversity of environmental protection is more and more appropriate resources.Second, The effect of the quality of forest resources protection.Quality of forest resources were discussed from the sustainable and natural of forest. Constructing two kinds of investigation data of forest natural, sustainable evaluation index system, analysis method was evaluated by comparison. Based on the transverse, longitudinal comparison method on the natural protection zone Hanma quality of forest resources protection were analyzed. The results show that, Xingan Larch had certain differences between the types of forest sustainability, in1989the forest sustainability index distribution between2.09-4.85, each forest type in2012sustainability index distribution between2.72-4.97. In2012compared with1989, sustainable forest has improved, the comprehensive evaluation of forest sustainability index increased0.16. Sustainable forest has been significantly improved; the difference of the natural forests of Xingan Larch also larger, each forest type1989forest natural exponential distribution between2.09-4.45in2012, each forest type natural exponential distribution between3.5-4.78, forest naturalness is obviously improved. In2012compared with1989, forest natural comprehensive index increased0.52, to protect the forest naturalness with remarkable results. Compared with the surrounding forest, forest natural overall better than the surrounding Kun River, Xiushan farm Hanma National Nature Reserve, the comprehensive evaluation index than the Kun River, mountain forest were higher by2.74and2.71.Third, The analysis protection effect of forest resources, based on 《Specifications for assessment of forest ecosystem service function》 Released in2008(LY/T1721-2008) and referring to the service function of forest ecosystem in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region monitoring and evaluation report, combining with the investigation data and monitoring the actual situation, Construction of soil and water conservation, environmental purification, biodiversity conservation from three aspects such as water conservation, soil conservation, carbon fixation and oxygen release, dust removal and absorption of SO2six index potential function evaluation system were constructed. Combining TOPSIS and AHP, through the longitudinal contrast analysis system the effectiveness of forest resource protection nature protection Khan ma were analyzed. The results showed that, function index are differences among different forest types. on the whole, the forest resources protection effect is Significant. In2012compared with1989, the overall evaluation of water conservation function index increased by0.42; soil conservation effect evaluation index increased by0.42; the overall evaluation of the efficacy of fixing carbon and releasing oxygen index increased by0.44; the overall evaluation of dust removal efficiency index increased by0.43; SO2absorption efficiency evaluation index increased by0.46; the overall biodiversity evaluation efficacy index increased by0.23.Fourth, Landscape protection effectiveness. In two kinds of investigation data reserve forest map and subcompartment as the basic data, the integrity of the surrounding landscape and landscape pattern changes, landscape integrity evaluation index selected three factors, from the landscape heterogeneity and landscape factors of landscape spatial pattern, landscape evaluation in class as single element, method using ARCGIS combined with FRAGSTATS software index calculation.Inner Mongolia National Nature Reserve landscape Khan MA vertical (compared to1989and2012) and transverse (Khan MA Nature Reserve in three forest nature reserve and around the same site conditions) compared Khan MA National Nature Reserve after more than ten protection of the landscape from the elements of composition and the number of landscape heterogeneity, landscape pattern have undergone great changes, the nature reserve overall landscape integrity direction of development. Natural areas protection effect evaluation of forest were discussed in this paper. Take the forest number quantity, function and landscape as the content of study on the nature reserve protection has not been reported. In this paper, nature reserve forest resources quality wrere first evaluated by natural, sustainable of forest and get the better effect of evaluation on Han Ma nature reserve forest resources quality evaluation. A bright spot in study is protecting different spatio-temporal Results of forest resources protection by combining TOPSIS and AHP Based on the survey data of forest resources based on multi period and 《Specifications for assessment of forest ecosystem service function》This paper discusses problems, effect evaluation of nature reserve at present, take the forest resources quantity, quality, function and landscape as the content of the nature reserve protection effect results not reported. In this paper, for the first time on the protection of natural forest resources quality evaluation index system of Hanma nature reserve forest resources quality evaluation of natural, sustainable for the construction of the main line, and get the better effect of evaluation; the survey data in multi period of forest resources as the foundation, to "assess the forest ecosystem service function specification"(LY/T1721-2008) as a guide one of the highlights, effectiveness is also in the study area, different forest resources protection and evaluation method by combining TOPSIS and AHP natural protection. |
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