| Basic viewpoints and research value of this dissertationBasic point-the core of comparative advantage, based on advanced cultural labor factors, is the motive force of the development of Chinese cultural industry. How to develop and use this advantage is a key to the basic strategy of Chinese cultural industry in international competition. On basis of the ’reasonable kernel’ of the comparative advantage theory, this study focuses on finding out the core of the quality labor element through analysis of cultural labor factors——senior personnel, and also on investigating the formation mechanism of the core of comparative advantage of the Chinese cultural industry.Examining and grasping this core of comparative advantage are primarily for serving the need for Chinese cultural industry to build theoretical foundation and formulate its competition strategy which will decide somehow the future and destiny of China as a great cultural country in the world.1."Reasonable kernel" of the Ricardian theory and the core of comparative advantage of Chinese cultural industry.The Ricardian theory is built on a base of labor value theory, and this is the "reasonable kernel" of the theory of comparative advantage. But Recardo’s comparative advantage, deducted under assumption of labor element homogenization, is extensive. If labor element structure is to be subdivided, we can find that different labor has different qualities. Distinguishing of lower and senior labor, simple and intricate, creates two comparative advantages of different sources and characteristics. The actual comparative advantage of China is now no longer based on a large number of cheap ordinary labor (although this is still a very strong comparative advantage), but based on the senior form of labor which is not only of absolute large amount but also comparatively cheap and of high quality. Unlike the first kind of comparative advantage rooted in ordinary labor element, the comparative advantage based of advanced labor can be called "second kind of comparative advantage", namely in this article "the core of comparative advantage". With the growth and decline of the advantage weight, and the conversion of primary and secondary position, senior labor elements rise from latent variable to dominant variable. A new comparative advantage is in dominant position and becomes the core of comparative advantage. Distinguishing the two kinds comparative advantage has primary theory and realistic meanings, encouraging people consciously to identify, to discover, to excavate and to cultivate the core comparative advantage, and make the old advantage transform, upgrade to a new advantage.Cultural workers are mainly mental workers of intellectual labors. Cultural elements in this special creative labor form, intensively condensed to tangible or intangible cultural products and services, playing a decisive role in the value formation of products and services (including cultural and economic value). This article analyses the characteristics of the cultural labor elements, the special form of cultural labor and the process and results of the creation of cultural labor value helping people understand the formation mechanism of the core of comparative advantage based on cultural labor elements, especially advanced cultural labor factors.Some assumed conditions of Ricardian theory of comparative advantage contains factor of comparative advantage. With each putative, we can actually find and deduce a new comparative advantage. Replacing Ricardo’s internal labor homogeneity assumption within one country, we subdivide the quality and essence of labor elements and construct "the theory of core of comparative advantage" with more characteristics of our time."The competitive advantage theory" and’diamond model’that raised by Harvard professor Michael Potter does not challenge the dominant position of "comparative advantage"."Comparative advantage trap","Inverse theory of comparative advantage" and "catching up strategy" brought forward by some domestic scholars in China were used to negate "comparative advantage theory" from the angle of dynamic development, yet they do not go beyond Ricardo’s theoretical framework.2. Determinant factors of the comparative advantage of cultural industry.Through a review of the development of the comparative advantage theory, analyses the determinant factors of comparative advantage proposed by western scholars at changing the assumptions of Ricardo’s model under the condition of factor endowments, technology advances, products differentiation, scale economy, etc. The diversity of causes of the comparative advantage does not negate the basic position of labor elements in the formation of comparative advantage, yet highlights the leading role of quality labor element in the formation of core of the comparative advantage.High quality labor element is the starting point and destination of all new forms of comparative advantage. It is the carrier of research and development, the developer of humanization of technical elements, products differentiation and scale economy. Finally it embodies the advanced change of labor’s quality and output quality. Chinese cultural industry must persist in high quality of cultural elements of labor as the main part and core and build its own core comparative advantage as well as change the motive power of spiritual production and cultural industry development.China’s senior cultural talents possess the basic characteristics of excellent quality, absolute numbers and relatively low price. Their mental and intellectual work will inject and condense intensively into cultural products and services; free spiritual production will lead to great cultural and economic achievements. The quality and advanced level of cultural labor element determines the fundamental nature of cultural industry comparative advantage.This dissertation also criticizes all kinds of fetishism ideas among the current cultural industry theory circle and even among the whole society, such as "natural talent worship","capital worship","science and technology worship", those are short of nothing but human factor, especially human’s cultural, intellectual and moral factors. Our academic mission is to trace the origin, return to humanism and stress on "the worship".3. Cultural industry and cultural labor elements:the essence and relationshipBased on re-exploration of comparative advantage theory, Karl Marx’s essence of labor value theory and spiritual production theory, this article tries to sort and summarizes the origin, development and evolution of cultural industry, meanwhile considers and discusses mainly the representative definition on cultural industry concepts both home and abroad. If we define the cultural industry only from the external features of cultural products and industry, then opinions must be widely divided because of different positions and perspectives.This article analysis the inner characteristics of the formation of cultural industry from the angle of labor value ontology, it raises the concept of "culture-concentrated industry" which reflects accurately the essential connotation that cultural labor value determines the cultural industry. This concept conforms to the current development and requirements of cultural industry. Through all the mist of various international trade theory and competition theory, this paper reveals that cultural labor element is the fundamental determinant for comparative advantage of cultural industry. The core element of the comparative advantage of Chinese cultural industry is the advanced cultural labor elements.4. Based on sorting and summarizing the world’s and Chinese cultural industries, this article also studies comparatively the competitiveness of Chinese cultural industry under the background of economic globalization and realizes the main factor restricting development of Chinese cultural industry is the labor element. Human is the key element which determines the success and failure of the development of Chinese cultural industry. It was based on the ranking of the key element of competency in talent need; priority should be given to the development of the talent for industry that requires high knowledge and competency. It is required to plan the talents development based on the market demanding of the human resources. Thus, this article is study the area of the development of international talents, compound talents. The study was also focused on the import of expatriate talents to China and accelerates the talent in high demand. The research also studies the different level of talents and how to improve the developing system of entry level talent.Abstract analysis study is used in the dissertation. Through the analysis of the element of talent, the study concluded that the intermediate and/or high-end talent is one of the economic variables which are independent, visible and endogenous. The deficiency of this study is lack of quantitative analysis and accurate consecutive statistical analysis.The distinguishing feature of this dissertation:The analysis of element for different level of talents created the second comparable theory based on the intermediate and high-end talents. The theory is used to analysis the talent development in China. It provided the foundation of the strategic decision on for Chinese talent development in the international talent development competition. It also provided the foundation of the "core of comparative advantage theory "on the analysis of returned to the centralization of global system and technology.It is recommended that the core of comparative advantage theory that this article used to be further studied and researched. Quantitative data and sample analysis are highly recommended. At the present time, there is limitation in the area mentioned above. With the development of Chinese culture industry, deeper analysis and practical research can be completed for the core comparative advantage theory. |
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