Ethical Research On Environmental Economic Policies

The environmental economic policies are mechanisms and regimes that influence people’s behaviors of damaging environment, aim at coordinate the relationship between economic construction and environmental protection by such economic leverages as pricing, taxation, credit, investment, microeconomic stimulate, macroeconomic regulation and control. The environmental economic policies are new instruments of environmental protection, which are combination of government instruments and marking instruments in order to overcome "government failure" and "market failure". The externality theory is the base of environmental economics, it establish the "Polluters Pay Principle" system as the basic principle of the environmental economic policies. It’s the inexorable trend to integrate the regulatory means by government and economic means by market in the worldwide. The environmental economic policies are the important part of institutional improvement of the ecological civilization, transition of the ecological civilization needs transition of the pattern of economic development, and transition of the pattern of economic development needs institutional transformation. The environmental economic policies are the important means to promote the pattern of economic development, which are combination of economic institution and environmental institution.As practical philosophy, concerning and serving practics are the theoretical character of ethics. Modern applied ethics concerns about public institutional construction, aims at promotion of democratic process and public interest. To advance social development by promoting system reform is the historical mission of modern ethics. The environmental economic policies are belong to public institution, they have great influence to the environmental protection in the worldwide, they are correspond with the trend of environmental protection and the require of sustainable development. The reform of environmental economic policies in China has special meaning, because China meets the transition period, in fact, the difficulties of environmental economic policies are relate with economic system reform, administrative system reform and government functions transform in the transition period.Through the environmental economic policies, we can not only understand the development trend of China’s environmental protection, but also help to explore the reform path of institution in the construction of ecological civilization; it makes the environmental economic policies become the object of ethics. The environmental economic policy needs the wisdom of the ethics to provide value orientation, to examine the legitimacy of the institutional arrangements, to ensure the correctness of the overall direction of policy, to reduce the short-sighted and blind of the system design. At the same time, ethics also needs through involvement in policy practice to reflect the theory and quality of the practice philosophy, to open a new territory for the development of ethics--become the value foundation and value principle of institution, in order to promote the consciousness of the social system development. The ethical research of environmental economic policies is based on the consciousness of the theory of ethics and stands in the height of civilization to provide value for the development of environmental economic policies and the value rationality for the institutional transformation of civilization.In this paper, the environmental ethics as the main line, the harmony of human and nature as the basic value pursuit. It also combined with the methods of other branch of applied ethics like institutional ethics, administrative ethics, economic ethics, ethics of development, and used ethical concepts like value, sustainable development, justice, responsibility as the core to research the ethical problems of environmental economic policies. The main points of view and the main problem were discussed in this paper are:First, the necessity, feasibility and basic methods which can be used by ethics to research environmental economic policies. Second, sustainable development is the value of environmental economic policies, it is dialectical unity of people oriented and justice, and dialectical unity of environmental and economic. Through the process of policy making, the idea of sustainable development can be transit into three justice principles:economic justice principle, social justice principle, environmental justice principle. Third, environmental and economic policy in China are facing the problem of missing of sustainable development. The direction of reform are:basis on the three justice principles,"make up a missed lession of industrial civilization, lead the ecological civilization road", and "greening" the policy means from inner mechanism. Fourth, the implementation of environmental economic policies need to establish environmental management system smoothly, and environmental management reform depends on the government’s administrative reform. The environmental management reform direction is establishing public administration by the responsibility priciple and the public environmental interest oriented. Fifth, environmental and economic policies need the enterprises and the public’s support, innovation is the core of corporate environmental responsibility and key of environmental economic policies be carried out, it should be encouraged.The public can support and supervise the environmental economic policies by political participation and economic participation...