The Study Of Two Literary Groups Of North And South In Early Song Dynasty

The literature of the early Song Dynasty inherited the literary style of the Five Dynasties’, and also opened up the literary climax from Xining to Yuanyou of Song Shenzong Emperor’s Dynasty. It belongs to a deserted literary history stages between the Tang and Song Dynasty, but also an important historical period that can not be bypassed when we examine the political changes and observe the academic, literary trend of the early Song Dynasty. In the pattern of political culture from the Five Dynasties to early Song Dynasty, this period formed two large literary groups, covering nearly a century Song literati class, on the Song of political, academic, literary evolution produced a huge and far-reaching effects.As known to all, the literati of Song Dynasty mostly have officers, scholars, authors, these three roles in one body, but relatively speaking, the northern literati pay more attention to "Dao"(道) and despise the literature, the South literati pay more attention to the art of literature, they have different cultural characters. In the Northern Song Dynasty’s unified country construction, both north and south sides of literati have contradictions and conflicts, but also have collaboration and integration, in fact, both reflected in the conduct of public affairs, also reflected in the academic and literature. Northern literary group formed several teams literary groups, quite orthodoxy, had system awareness. Southern Literature groups also from generation to generation, there is the main Union gentle awareness and character. This paper attempts to reveal the two literary formation of groups, then make appropriate narrative and comments on these officers, scholars and literary.The paper is divided into six chapters. The first chapter is General, discussing the consists of the North and South literati groups which under the influence of the political culture since the Five Dynasties to the policy of raising culture and reducing military in early Song Dynasty. At this time, the status of literati gradually increased to get a new stage. In the North, there formed a literature group which the leader from Liu Kai, Mu Xiu to Shi Jie, they advocated orthodoxy, creatived prose. The South literati formed literary groups which successively led by Xu Xuan, Yang Yi, Yan Shu and Ouyang Xiu, they promoted the Southern literature to North, contributed to the integration with south and north. The second chapter analysed the case of Ding Wei, revealing that in the political and cultural situation of early Song Dynasty, the literati from south and north had different acts and affairs. Southern literati gradually improved their situations and made rise of the historical evolution. It will make us better to understand the political, literary and scholarship development in that time. The third chapter discusses the great success of Southern literati when in Song Zhenzong Emperor’s Dynasty, they created Kunti(昆体)literature which adapted to the develop of the construction in that time. They formed a new literary group, had huge contribution to the Prose Movement(古文运动)The fourth chapter discusses that as the Northern Song Dynasty unified regime runs deeper, the southern literati’s political status gradually improved, the social atmosphere of geisha girls sing and dance in banquet increasingly more popular. Ci-poems as the Southerners literature, the cultural ecology is mature day after day. After nearly a century of conservation, up to Renzong’s Dynasty, the new tune widely disseminated in Bianjing Jin. Liu Yong, Zhang Xian, Yan Shu and Ouyang Xiu’s ci-poems successively developed from South to North, prompted the "South ci-poems " a significant progress into North, so Bianjing followed the West Sichuan’s capital Chengdu and Southern Tang’s capital Jinling, becoming the altar center of ci-poems which made the continuity and integration of North and South, and creating a new Song ci-poems style. Chapter five discusses the Luoyang literati group’s formation of North Song Dynasty is an important stage of the literature from south went to north and north-south integration at the early period of Song Dynasty. This group led by south scholars and many north scholars joined in, launched a large-scale literary creation and dissemination activities in North China, embodied the literature’s confluence and new changes from north and south. At the same time, it injected new elements and blood to the literary reform movement, opening the transformation from Tang poetry to Song poetry, and the creation of Song prose’s simple and natural, comfortable and soft characteristics. In the civil literature conflict and contradiction, Ou Yangxiu critically inherit the excellent traditional integration of both the north and the south literature, combining the literary world, mixing the literature and Tao(道),have the great achievements recognized by each other. He points out the clear direction and set the benchmark for the ancient prose movement.Luoyang literati group’s conflict and the blend factor has profound influence on the evolution of the early literature of Song Dynasty, wrote literary and cultural history of a thick and heavy in colours. Chapter six analyzes the text named Taixue Style(太学体)which has much relationship with northern literati groups. Ouyang Xiu from South knocked it down and established the new atmosphere in literary.