Alienation And Resistance: Research Body Discourse Of Western Marxism

As for the studies on western’s diverse body discourse from contemporary literary theory community, the Western Marxist theory did not get serious exploration and knowledge about whether there is body discourse, as well as what type of body discourse. Factually, among the writings of Western Marxist scholars, such as Adorno, Benjamin, Marcuse, Eagleton, Lefebvre and so on, there are more or less discussion on the body discourse. This provides the possibility of existence and logic for studying body discourse of Western Marxism.The reason for studying Western Marxism from the perspective of Body Language mainly lies in three domains:First, is Western Marxism focused solely on the critique of ideology? The second is whether there is a bridge of Body Language between body essentialism and constructivism dispute? Third, when the body be alienated in the consumer society, how to restore the body’s resistance potential and the revolutionary forces? Domain for these three questions to answer, is the power and significance of studying the physical discourse of Western Marxism.Although traditional Marxism does not definitely take body as the main discussion topic of theoretical system,in the writings, it seems that the body’s languages always exists in form of objection, sociality, heterization. In aesthetics words, it also possess the thought of body. Marxism’s concern is how to overcome the body’s heterization, making people exist to be the individuality. However, the change of actual context makes many problems to be solved by succeeded western Marxism, which has not been discussed in detail by Marxism. Frankfort School(Adorno, Benjamin, Marcuse), Eagleton, Lefebvre, etc. have all discussed the body’s heterization and resistance in their own theoretical vision. For instance, Adorno has analysed feminist body discourse of Auschwitz Concentration Camp and Popular Culture in the enlightened dialectical context. Benjamin has investigated the body of contemporary context and the cultivation of the political body. Marcuse has investigated the body’s heterization by contemporary tools and cultivation of new sensibility. Eagleton has explored the discourse of aesthetic ideology and cultural politics of the body. Lefebvre has investigated daily body discourse in life politics and space politics. Although their questions territory and thinking ways are not the same, they could recover the body integrality.On this basis, the body of discourse of Western Marxism has made a more satisfactory answer to these three problem domain. Western Marxism pay particular attention to the critique of ideology and the body of criticism, and ensure the completion of human body and spirit which makes human beings into the main body of physical and mental harmony. Their body discourse is the integration of essentialism and constructivism, thus allowing to bridge the physical concept of constructivism and essentialism concept of body limitations. Western Marxism body of discourse is to focus on labor, class and ethnic relations. They did not revel in the gentle village of consumer society, but more often to resist the alienation of the consumer society for the body to be able to recover the body in the resistance potential of the consumer society and the revolutionary forces. But also a reflection of body discourse of Western Marxism, they failed to construct a systematic, improved, mature body theory. Secondly, the resistance of body has thoroughness.