Discourse Law Officer In Northern Plains

The vast majority of northern Anhui province belongs to Zhongyuan mandarin district, only some cities near Huai river are situated on transition region of Zhongyuan mandarin and Jianghuai mandarin. The Zhongyuan Mandarin of northern Anhui province can be divided into three parts:Shangfu, Xinbeng and Xuxiao. The dialects of Northern Anhui have some consistencies in grammar, such as the suffix of "Zi", the degree complement of "Hendehen", the special construction of "Fei VP", and so on. Each piece of Northern Anhui dialect has its own characteristics, such as Xuxiao dialect mainly use " VP Mang/Bu" with repeated questions, the Northwest of Shangfu dialect has "Buzhan", etc.; the Southwest of Xinbeng dialect has special aspect mark of "Zai".This paper study the affix, degree expression, aspect, question patterns and the syntactical structure of Northern Anhui dialect. The main conclusions about North Anhui dialect are:(1) The affix system includes prefix, infix, postfix, some affixes are special, such as prefix "Lao", postfix "Hu", and pejorative postfix "Bulajide" etc.. There are pejorative infixes of "Bu/Ba" and "Buzi/Bazi". The words with postfix "Zi" are especially rich."Zi" can be used for noun, pronoun and quantitative structure. The functions of "Zi" are word-formation, class shift, meaning change and increase meaning.(2) The means of degree expression are mainly add the degree affix, the pre-adverbial, the degree complement and overlap. There degree affix include infixes and postfixes. The pre-adverbial and the degree complement are mainly express high degree. The special adverbials are "Si","Xie","Zhenmeng","Nenmeng" etc.. The degree complements of are "Henlao","Dehen","Dehendehen","Dehendehende hen", etc.. The latter two are hyper-normal degree expression."Henlao" can be modify action verb.(3) The main aspect features are:realization aspect is "Lao/Lou"; Persisting aspect can be divided into two forms:"Zhu"(north) and "Zi"(middle and east);"Kan","Kankan","Qiao","Qiaoqiao","Shi shi" can be used as trying aspect and can express caution;"VV","VVV" means the action repeated and continued;"Lai" and "Zai"(Jinzhai and Huoqiu) can be used as progressive aspect.(4) The repeated question has three forms:"FVP","VP-neg-VP" and "VP+interrogative word"; The first two can be coexistence; The "Ke-VP" is complex, its modal particles can be express aspect information;"Keshi-VP" is "yes-no" question; There are three forms about "yes-no" question:intonation,"Mang" and "Keshi"; Interrogative pronouns are distinction between North Anhui dialect and Putonghua; The alternative question without associated word is general in North Anhui dialect.(5) The "Fei" of "Fei+VP+Bu+X" has evolved a modal adverb. The "Bu+X" appear or disappear be connected with semantic feature, degree of grammaticalization and sentence structure. The "Fei+VP" is most used frequently."PP+X+Sha+PP+X" is a construction and means negative or stopping. The pertinent subject sentences are common. The marks of passivity are "Jiao","Rang" and "Gei" and initiative are "Jiao","Ba" and "Gei"Jiao" and "Gei" are common marks.