On Practical Wisdom Of Mao Zedong

Fundamental spirit of practical philosophy of Mao is consistent with Maxism,namely, both of them are practice and aim to change the world essentially. Specificityand particularity of conditions should be considered in order to bring the aim ofchanging the world or changing China. In a word, both of them should acquire arational ability, namely practical wisdom, which involves sapiential considerationwith practice and behavior. The most concentrated expressions of Mao’s practicalphilosophy not only displays as a practical wisdom, which is the ability how to exertMarxism into practice within specific and complex condition in China, but alsodisplays as a theoretical consciousness and reflection of practical wisdom. History hasshown that Mao’s practical wisdom is a crucial fact for the success of Marxism inChina’s practice, as well as for sinicization of Marxism.The practice of Marxism in modern China mainly concern in political revolutionand military struggle. Therefore, practical wisdom of Mao mainly embody in politicaland military activities and its works. As far as practical wisdom of Mao is concerned,the wisdom mainly involves with essence, approach of Chinese revolution, unitedfront, party building and the new democratic social pattern. In the issue of essence ofChinese revolution, Mao argues that the revolution is neither bourgeois revolution norsocialist revolution, is new democratic revolution when concerning the actualconditons of Chinese revolution; in the issue of its approach, breaking throughconventional pattern of parliamentary struggle and urban revolt, he explores a specificapproach “rural areas surrounding cities, snatching power by arms”; In the issue ofunited front, he originates a policy of “unity as well as independence, alliance as wellas struggle”; in the issue of party building, he emphasizes on ideology, takingmeasurements of rectification movement and morality enhancement when concerningthe specifically historical and actually revolutionary conditions; in the issue of whatsocial style should be established after revolution, Mao originally conceives a societyin terms of new democratic and its guideline for polity, economy and culture whichhave either bourgeois or socialist feature. His military strategy is also especiallyimplied in Mao’s practical wisdom. His military wisdom should be considered asheritance and development of traditionally Chinese military strategy. The trait of hismilitary practical wisdom can be summarized as calmly rational attitude and taking advantage situations by sophistication and dialectic thinking. The military practicalwisdom main concernes how to obtain advantages, and displayes a set of strategy andtactics in general, which the weak against a stronger enemy, including the activedefense, subjective initiative, and the people’s war.Mao’s practical wisdom also displays at the reflection of the combination of theprinciples of Marxism with China’s concrete practice, and formes the philosophicalexpression of practical wisdom. This reflection and expression base on traditionalChinese philosophy resources, is not only the needs of objective theory but also theinterest of himself. After reading the philosophical works of Marxism concentrated ina period of time, Mao’s practical wisdom sublimates into the "On Practice" and "OnContradiction", and then condenses to “Seeking truth from facts”, and furthertransformes into the methods, such as the analysis of the contradiction, the method ofinvestigation, and etc. which transforme the worldview into the methodology at last.Mao’s practical wisdom is the model for our research and development of Marxistphilosophy, which contains practical way of thinking, tension between the ideal andthe reality, and so on, this way of thinking and tension have important significance intoday.