| With vast territory and rich resources, China is not only greatly large in area, butalso a country of multi-nationality， which caused an unbalanced economicdevelopment for each region. Since the foundation of new China, as the ruling party,the Chinese Communist Party has constantly made great efforts to exploration andpractice of Development Strategy of Regional Economy. Right now, the idea ofregional economy of the Chinese Communist Party has gradually become perfect andmature for changes from Mao Zedong’s balanced development strategy of inland toDeng Xiaoping’s unbalanced development strategy of preferential development foreastern region, from Jiang Zemin’s coordinated development idea to Hu Jintao’soverall development idea. And it has already changed to be an important componentof the scientific view of development, the newest symbolic achievement of Marxismin China. With the new development of regional economy thought in accordance ofscientific development outlook as the topic selection, this paper will mainly try tomake a deep and systematic research as well as discuss from the following six sides.Firstly, our Party’s theoretical foundation or basis for regional economy thought.The regional economy thought of our Party has gradually formed, developed andperfected through arduous self-exploration and practice since the establishment ofnew China for more than sixty years. And its major theoretical foundation originatesfrom two aspects: The first one is Marxist basic theory on regional economydistribution, which includes theory on industrial district division and cooperation,theory on equilibrium distribution of productivity and theory on coordinated growthof industrial structure; The second one refers to regional economy theory of theclassical western economists, such as the balanced development theory and theunbalanced development theory.Secondly, the Party’s historical shifts of regional economy thought before puttingforward the scientific development view. The thought and strategy of regionaleconomy has experienced three relatively large adjustments before posing of thescientific view of development. In the initial period of China, the Party CentralCommittee with comrade Mao Zedong at the core made the strategic decision to takethe inland region as the emphasis and promote the equilibrium development of allareas, according to productivity distribution of our country and the severely politicaland economic situation at home and abroad. Specifically, from the establishment of new China to the mid-1960s, the main ideas of Regional Economy Construction ofour country is to balance the level of economic and social development between thecoastal and inland, making the inland especially central areas the center of theeconomic distribution, by reinforcing heavy industry development. In the middleperiod of1960s, the Party Central Committee had to consider national security at firstat the time of economic development so as to form the war-preparation centeredthought, with the emphasis of the construction of "three-line" areas, because securityenvironment changes dramatically surrounding China, and multifaceted threats of warand military pressures arrive one after another. Thanks to the "third-line" constructionextending for more than10years, there have basically built industrial system withcategories and styles of relatively great variety in the vast strategic rear, and withnational defense industry as the key. But due to the over-emphasis on political andnational defense significance and the ignorance of the economic benefits, both thegrowth of the national economy and the improvement of people’s living standardshave been affected severely. Before and after the3rd Plenary Session of11thPartyCentral Committee, the second generation of collective leadership with comrade DengXiaoping at the core summarized seriously experiences and lessons from economicdevelopment in the past30years, gradually put forward the thought of "two overallsituations","common wealth" and so on. Our country’s regional economic policyhave been made appropriate adjustments in accordance with comrade DengXiaoping’s strategic conception, shifting from one-sided emphasis on regionalbalanced development to focuses on using and making the full use of non-balanceddevelopment strategy of regional advantages. By allowing, encouraging, andsupporting prior development of eastern coastal areas, our Party has formed thestrategic thought of leading development over advantageous areas, with the EastCoast as the main point, resulting giving to the priority to the center of NationalEconomic Construction. In order to speed up the pace of opening up, Party CentralCommittee decided to apply special policies flexibly in provinces of Guangdong andFujian, and opened up the coastal special economy zones, coastal open cities and openeconomic regions, thus forming a opening-up zone stretching from the South to North.At the same time, the Party Central Committee also tried to address the povertyproblem. In1982, our Party took the lead in promoting pilot work of povertyalleviation Gansu, Ningxia, and other places. With this as the starting point, China’spoverty alleviation work in rural areas starts to extend from local area to the national level. This is the second major adjustment for our Party’s regional economy strategy.With the further development of reform and opening up, the eastern coastal areasdevelops quickly, but the gap between Midwest and East regions is constantlyexpanding. Under this situation, the third generation of Central Leading Collectivewith comrade Jiang Zemin as the core officially deepened the promotion ofcoordinated development of regional economies to the strategic height, so thatforming the orientation to narrow the regional disparity and strategic thought ofpromoting regional coordination development. Under the guidance of the newregional economic thought, the Party Central Committee made strategic plans to carryout all-round opening up policy, improve further the national anti-poverty policysystem and implement the strategy for western developmentThe third one refers to the formation of the idea of the overall development ofregional economy under the guidance of the scientific concept of development. In2002, the People’s Republic of China hold the16th National Congress, and the PartyCentral Committee set the struggle target for all round construction of well-beingsociety under the good situation of economic construction in china. Right at the timethat the whole party and people of all nationalities, in accordance with the strategicdeployment of16th National Congress, vigorously strive to achieve the ambitiousgoals of the all around construction of a well-off society, a sudden outbreak of SARSattacked my country. Invasion of SARS underscores the fact that there are severelyunbalanced disadvantages of several facets of urban and rural areas, regional, man andnature and economic society, which also tells us that true development, should be thedevelopment of people-oriented, constantly improving people’s living standard andraising people’s living environment development. Regarding it as the opportunity, theParty Central Committee put forward the scientific concept of development as a newguiding ideology for our country’s economic and social development, and thusestablished a new policy of overall development of regional economy, which is theinherent requirement of scientific outlook of development. And it formed on the basisof full adoption of the experience of theory and practice of regional economicdevelopment at home and abroad, and based on problems existing in China’s regionaldevelopment.The fourth part is the overall strategic planning of overall development ofregional economy in line with the scientific concept of development. It mainlyincludes the in-depth implementation of the Western development, revitalization of the outmoded industrial bases in China’s northeast and elsewhere, leadingdevelopment of Eastern region and central rise. Aiming at main problems in theWestern region, the Party Central Committee has established nine major tasks for thepurpose of implementing Western Development, namely, firmly promoting NewSocialist Countryside Construction; Continue to strengthen infrastructure; Intensifythe Development of Special Advantage Industries; Guide the expedite development ofkey regions; Stick to grasp the construction of two types of society (resource-savingand environment-friendly); Make elaborate efforts to improve Basic Public Service;Practically strengthen Talents Team Construction; Actively expand opening up bothinternally and externally; Establish and improve the guarantee mechanism of theWestern Development. The successful implementation of these initiatives are of greatadvantage to the level of Basic Infrastructure Construction in the Western regionsand the protection of the ecological environment; beneficial to the optimization of theindustrial structure in West China and the development of special advantage industries;helpful to expand opening up in the Western region; favorable to promote theequalization in public service and the construction of the harmonious western region,and also conducive to the sustained, stable and healthy economic development ofChina and the construction of a harmonious socialist society. For problems ofdevelopment of Old Industrial Base in Northeast China, the Party Central Committeemake greater efforts to increase project investment and infrastructure construction inthe Northeast, establish the fiscal, financial policies which are conducive to therevitalization of the Old Industrial Base in Northeast China, and carry out thereformation of the State-owned enterprises of the Old Industrial Base in NortheastChina, which build up long-term personnel-training mechanisms and policies. In orderto continue to support the development of the Eastern region, the Central Committeeof China established several aims, such as leading improvement of the capabilities ofindependent innovation in the East, leading realization of the transformation in growthmode and the upgrading and optimization in the industrial structure, leadingsubstantive progress in circular economy, energy conservation, and economization onwater and land, leading acceleration of the comprehensive reform package to promotethe institutional innovation further, and leading achievement of coordinateddevelopment of economic society. With the aim of helping "the rise of central China",the CPC Central Committee put forward lots of policies for the central region: toestablish the country’s major grain production base and a New Socialist Countryside; to strengthen the construction of energy materials base, modern equipmentmanufacturing and high-tech industrial base to promote the upgrading andoptimization of the industrial structure; to raise the strategic position ofcommunication and transportation and promote the development ofcommerce-circulation and tourism; to enhance the radiation function of the centralcity and the economic development of urban agglomeration and country region; toenlarge the internal and external opening up and speed up the innovation of systemand mechanism; to step up the development of social venture and increase the level ofpublic services and to reinforce the construction pace of two types of society andachieve the sustainable development.The fifth part concerns overall development of regional economy under theguidance of the scientific view of development. It primarily refers to three facets ofapproaches: perfection of regional coordination mechanism for interaction andacceleration of the economic and social development in old revolutionary bases,minority areas, border regions and poverty-stricken areas, division of major functionalareas, and promotion of the healthy urbanization development. For the purpose ofthese, it was pertinent to make other several aid policies by the Party CentralCommittee at the same time. As of disorderly condition in regional development inChina, the CPC Central Committee divided the land into four types of areas ofpriority development zone, key development zone, restricted development area, andprohibited development region, which laid a good foundation for our country’ssustainable and stable development of regional economy. Meanwhile, the PartyCentral Committee also called for the promotion of healthy development ofurbanization, and regarded it as an important mean for overall development ofregional economy.The sixth and final part is about the feature and prospect for the overalldevelopment of regional economy. It mainly discuss from three levels. The first one isthe new development and new characteristic of strategic thought of the overalldevelopment of regional economy under the guide of the scientific view ofdevelopment. Through more than sixty years’ exploration, the Party’s regionaleconomy idea has gradually become perfect and mature. Hence, the overalldevelopment of regional economy thought has become to be one with more epochalcharacter, scientificalness, systematization, feasibility and operationability, whichmake the Party’s regional economy idea improve into a new height. The second one is the problems and challenges we need to cope with great efforts in the development ofthe regional economy thought, which includes life cycle theory and a new possibleround of regional disease, the gradient theory, the widening of the wealth gap and thesolidification of population and region for the rich and the poor, the contradictionbetween fairness and justice for the overall development of the regional economy andthe market discipline, and the shock from integration wave of economic globalization.The third one is to ensure and improve the development of the regional economybetter and faster through strengthening the construction in the Party’s progressiveness,governing capability, innovation capability and institution improvement.Because of the limitation of my theoretical level and research direction and theinsufficiency of my economic knowledge, and especially because the Party’s regionaleconomy idea under the guidance of the scientific development thought still belongsto pioneering work, which is hard to research comprehensively and systematically,there must be have some errors, mistakes and disadvantages. Here humbly requestyour advice to correct me. |
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