Political Activity On Land-Acquisition And House-Demolishment

Distributing of land profits is the result of the combined action of three levels at any time:Macro(national resource endowments and strategic objectives)-Meso(resource distribution institution)-Micro(governance structure). The relation of three levels as follows:(1) Macro level decide the change direction of medium level and micro level, medium level and micro level decide the implementation effect of macro level.(2) Medium level and micro level mutual restrict and mutual influence.(3) Although mutual restriction and mutual influence, one level change can not completely replace the other level change.The nature of land-acquisition and house-demolishment is the national redistribution of the profits of land conversion. The disputes land-acquisition and house-demolishment, a large part of the reason is lack of reasonable governance structure. The collection of agricultural taxes and fees was "the most difficult thing" in grassroots governance. After the tax and fee reform, the difficult thing disappear automatically, but governance structure have not been real improvement, with the development of urbanization and industry and commerce in recent years, The work of land-acquisition and house-demolishmen is being carried out largely, grassroots governance dilemma push the work of land-acquisition and house-demolishmen to "the most difficult thing" again. That is to say, the main source of the chaos on the work of land-acquisition and house-demolishmen is "government"(microscopic governance), the improvement of "institution"(medium institution) cannot be replaced with "government".The "government" problem lies in the only strengthen of political technology and the insufficiency of political ethics. After the reform and opening up, the four elements of grassroots governance structure in China change:(1) Masses participation is weakening.(2) Semiformal governance is alienating.(3) Bureaucracy within the government is strengthening.(4) Mobilization within the government is strengthening. Political activity on land-acquisition and house-demolishment should solve the two problems ultimately: first, how to "legitimately" define "the government violence","gang violence" and " masses violence", secondly, how to define "reasonablely""Special villagers". The first issue is focused on "national politics" level, the second issue is focused on "village politics" level. Due to "strategy principle" on local government, the above two aspects can not be solved well.As a third party, the expected role of central government and the media is balancer. The both can reverse the game situation on land-acquisition and house-demolishment that the government is too strong and the villager is too weak. But as a result of the third party emphasize intensity of things instead of the ins and outs of things, treat "accident" and " stability" in the over-absolute and over-static view, the third party can not eradicate the "strategic behavior" of local government, instead, strengthen the "strategic behavior" of masses, no political ethics exist grassroots governance even more. Each body has its own" minor principle " and injustice, will enumerate other’s unreasonably troublesome when themselves in the weak.But when they have the chance to make trouble without a cause in order to have the upper hand, they will do it unhesitatingly. There is no political principle in the land-acquisition and house-demolishment, only the negotiation skills. Each body participate in politics with the speculative, tactical and expedient logic.