The Commentary Of Heilongjiang Higher Education During The Period Of The Republic Of China

Modern administrative region of Heilongjiang Province since more than a changein higher education described in this paper is now Heilongjiang Heilongjiang Provinceregion，because it was the region’s higher education mainly in Harbin，Qiqihar,Mudanjiang City，so to these cities institutions of higher learning as the main studyobject.After the Opium War，China began to modernization process，the Northeast allaspects of society has undergone major changes，before and after the late QingDynasty，China to learn the Japanese experience in higher education，but also thegradual emergence of Heilongjiang Higher prototype, but in the meantime，with theMiddle East opening of the railway，the Tsar of Russia，especially in the Middle Eastrailway subsidiary was opened in Harbin， Heilongjiang number of educationalfacilities to promote the development of higher education，higher education in theregion is different from other parts of China. Northern Government，in fact, for a longtime control of Heilongjiang regions Chang Tso-lin，Zhang and his son for thedevelopment of higher education in Heilongjiang devoted some effort, but due to aweak foundation，the early Republican just Heilongjiang Heilongjiang law school，grade school teacher in Heilongjiang northeast Heilongjiang Branch and other militaryacademy one of the few institutions of higher learning，and small size of the school，student enrollment less.20years after the Russian controlled Eastern Railwayauthorities to institutions of higher learning founded by Russian immigrants in terms ofquantity and quality far exceeds that of Heilongjiang local government，in fact,constitute the main body of higher education in Heilongjiang. Heilongjiang regionduring this period of higher clearance within some provinces, although not as rapid development，has been building them in the progressive development to MukdenIncident ago，Heilongjiang Province has built a special area Hosei University，HarbinInstitute of Technology，Harbin Medical specialized schools, Eastern Province, inparticular Russian Teachers College, northeast merchant Marine Academy and a dozencolleges and universities, school size and the number of students enrolled are muchhigher than early Republic.After the Mukden Incident，Heilongjiang reduced under the iron heel of Japaneseimperialism. Until1945the Soviet liberation of northeastern Heilongjiang regionconsidered by the Japanese colonial imperialism. With the March23,1935，the SovietUnion and Manchukuo sides in Tokyo signed the " Soviet Manchurian basic agreementon the transfer of East "，the Soviet Union would be sold to Eastern RailwayManchukuo，originally founded in the Middle East Railway Bureau to rely on theschool soon lose，soon to be received in Japan，the entire region of HeilongjiangHigher education has no traces of the Russian diaspora，and other institutions of higherlearning in addition to migration of Heilongjiang，have been forcibly taken over byPuppet，Puppet completely controlled by the control of higher education. Japan’scolonial rule in this period of time，the implementation of the policy of colonialenslavement education policy，Heilongjiang enslaving education higher education asan important part by the effects of colonialism，strengthened in college teachingJapanese language education， students denied nationality； promote Huanghumanitarian， ideological loyalty； strengthen practical education, cultural andeducational neglect；raise the threshold of higher education，Higher educationstudents in China and only a few students. In these ways the Japanese imperialistattempt to obliterate Chinese youth national character. Puppet authorities in theimplementation of colonial enslavement education，while also setting up a new seriesof Heilongjiang regions of higher learning: Harbin Agricultural University (foundedin1940)，Jiamusi Medical University (founded in1939)，the North pioneeringSchool of Medicine (1940founder)，Longjing pioneering Medicine (founded in1940)，Qiqihar Medical College to develop (founded in1940) and so on. Puppet Although established some colleges and universities, however small, the schoolenrollment is not much, but neglected subject to engineering，medical, agricultural-based, highlights the Japanese imperialists in higher education take quick successagainst the law policies and measures for its colonial exploitation purposes.After the victory in the war，Heilongjiang Harbin，Qiqihar, Mudanjiang and othercities in the Soviet occupation after the Japanese surrender，the KMT army was soonreceiving CCP Northeast Democratic coalition led away, in fact, from1946before thestart of the Civil War broke out throughout the Heilongjiang region will be at northeastDemocratic coalition led by the CPC under the direct control. Since the CPCHeilongjiang region carried out renovation and construction of higher education，inAugust1948，before the Chinese Communists to the original base of experience inhigher education to transform higher education in Heilongjiang area，turn it into acadre education is an important part of strengthening higher Education ideological andpolitical education. Transformation of higher education in the CPC Heilongjiangregion，it is also the founder of a number of new institutions of higher learning:Northeast Military University, Northeastern University, Northeastern Lu XunLiterature Institute，China Medical University，Harbin University, Harbin College ofForeign Languages, Northeast School of Administration, Northeastern RailwayCollege, northeast Agricultural College，Harbin Medical University，Heilongjiangagricultural College，Harbin Institute of specialized schools and so on. After August1948，with the victory of the war for liberation，the liberation of the entire northeastregion soon，when the central task is to build support for war production，whileengaged in the construction must have a large number of intellectuals, cadres，soHeilongjiang start a new formal higher education of the process，and graduallyestablished a new academic structure，the new curriculum standards，etc., in the area ofhigher education in Heilongjiang new regularization process, in this process，I mustmention that the transformation process in higher education，a profound impact on theSoviet model. In the specific learning, CPC Northeast Executive Committee decidedHarbin Institute of Technology all systems should adopt the Soviet system of colleges and universities，undergraduate teaching programs and courses are all determined bythe Soviet universities and colleges all use Soviet textbooks. To Harbin Institute ofTechnology and the implementation of all the experience of the Soviet educationsystem and the use of all the materials in a systematic introduction to the wholenortheastern universities.Heilongjiang Higher Education in the thirty years of the development process,significant achievements, from virtually zero base developed to a certain size，it morethan thirty years in the course of development has gone through several distinct phases:1912-1931ninety-one eight Incident for the first phase，1931to1945Mukden IncidentJapanese surrender to the second stage, in1945the Japanese surrendered to thefounding of New China in1949for the third phase，in which several different stages ofdevelopment of higher education the characteristics are completely different.Compared with other parts of China，Heilongjiang regions subject to political influencein addition to higher education，but also strongly affected by external factors，earlyeducation affected by Russia，the latter by the Japanese influence in the Liberation WarCPC renovation and construction of higher education and draws on the Soviet model.1912-1949，Heilongjiang Higher Education Modernization in China can be seen as amicrocosm of education， higher education seriously affected by politics，government-led development of higher education，on the whole is accompanied bymodern society the process of production, showing a strong trend of modernizationand for the modern service.