A Study On American And Chinese Policies In International Education

In the context of globalization, international education, as a national security strategy, plays an increasingly important role on remainingone country’s international leadership and economic competitiveness. Today, the international education has become a much-talked-about topicin debate of educational theory and public policy. With the development of international exchange and cooperation, many similar educational and economic problems in USA and China demand concerted efforts for their solution. The enhanced partnership in education systems of the two countries have reflected much consensus reached by political policy-makers, business communities and educational leaders, which will have profound implications for the two countries future education development.This study tries toconduct in-depth comparative study on Sino-American international education policy throughthe process of propose, analyze and solve problems within the international background. To achieve this goal, the study pays attention on the dynamic development process ofintemational education strategy in America and China, and also focus on the static analysis of influencing factors. It still follows the time sequence of history, reality and future,and focus on the regional differencesbetween the two countries. On these bases, the dissertation proposes some suggestions on the development of China’s international education policy through comparative analysis.The dissertation includes six chapters. The first chapter mainly introduces the topic of international education policy in China and the United States, which contains the background andthe significance of this research, concepts definition, literature review, research framework and methods and the research innovations and inadequacies.The part of problem analysis is the main body of this study, which contains chapter two, chapter three, chapter four and chapter five. In chapter two, titled as "The Development History of International Education Policy in China and the United States",the author explores the development history of international education in China and the United Statessystematically, and then conducts comparative analysis on the development process of two countries’international education policy. The study found that there are many similarities on the historical process of international education policy between China and the United States, which were shown in the periodicity of international education policy development process,the interactive development with international relations of the world and the modernization of education, and the combination of internationalism and nationality. At the same time, because of the different development level of international education and the environment of domestic and overseas, the aim and character of the twocountries’ international education policy have many differences.In chapter three, titled as "Influencing Factor of the Development of International Education Policy in China and the United States", the author analyzes the main factors which influence the development of international education policy of China and America from the four dimensions: social background, politics, economy and cultural. Social background influences the choice of values, objective and focus of international education policy of China and America. Political factors has a significant effect on the development of the international education policy in China and the United States, however because of the difference of political system and political ideas between the two countries, the way of international education policy is also difference;Economic factorsinfluence the material basis of policy formulation and implement,especially the national financial investmentshapes the content of international education policy. The cultural factorsinfluence the value pursuit and policystability of the two counties’ international education policy.In chapter four, titled as "The Case Study of Implementation of International Education Policy in China and the United States", aims to find the new characteristics and regular patterns of international education policy in the two countries through the analysis of educational exchange between China and the United States. This chapter contains four typical cases: overseas education policy of China and America,Sino-foreign joint school policy, Confucius institute in America and the "U.S.-China High-Level Consultation on People-to-People Exchange". Based on the case study,the research dissects the international education policy implementation between China and the United States.In chapter five, named as "The DevelopmentTrendof International Education Policy in theFuture in China and the United States", analyzes and forecasts the development trend of bilateral international education policy based on historical review, reality analysis and the two countries’future international education strategy. Forthe United States, international education strategy focus on defending the nation’s interest, fostering citizen’sglobal quality, strengthening the educational diplomacy and promoting international education with the overall coordination.For China, internationaleducation has become the focus of educational reform,and the cooperation and exchange of international education are going tobe much deeper. The value of international education policy is from single aim to multiple,and the counter-measures of policy are from "one-way input" to "two-way input and output". The development trend of China and the United States’ international education policy have many common points, such as,paying more attention to the strategic position of international education,the target of international education policy increasingly diverse, focusing on the important role of government in the international education, and combining thelearning and innovation in the development of international education.The sixth chapter is the part of problem-solving,which focus on the solutions to optimizeChina’s international educational policy. Chinese needs to updatetheir concepts of education,and enhance the strategic position of the international education policy; toclear the objectives of international education policy and construct anobjective system of international education policy;pay more attention tothe different education category and formulatedifferent international education policy; improve the mechanism of industry and strengthen the policy to develop the education service trade; make innovations of management system toimprove the effect of international education policy implementation. In order to keep Sino-American education exchange and cooperation sound and healthy, China need to strengthen Sino-American interaction, improve education exchange policy,integrate educational resources,optimizing the policy environment and strengthening the research of Sino-Americaneducation policy.