Dynamics Of Small Town Development Based On Spatial Externalities And Its Empirical Test In Hunan

Dynamic of the small towns development can be divided into two kind including internal motivation and external motivation, however, the current literatures mainly discuss the internal dynamic. The Characteristic of these studies is able to give a good explaination to the rise and fall of small towns, but difficult to produce effective and feasible countermeasures. In fact, the small towns and big cities are parallel existing in space dimension, and presenting strong resource competition relationship between them. Therefore, to establish a dynamic mechanism of small town development based on spatial externalities has both theoretical value and practical significance.In the perspective of spatial externality, the development of small towns is decided by two aspects:one is the urbanization process of the whole economic system; two is the small town of reaction ability of spatial externality. The former reflects the radiation intensity of economic system of spatial externality, which reflects the extent of absorption of small towns spatial externality. From the time dimension, the small town has a negative spatial externalities to the evolution of positive spatial externalities, so the development of small towns in accordance with Logistic curve trajectory. Further, spatial externalities can be subdivided into spatial externalities, demand for the production of spatial externality and government spatial externalities. In the economic system of urbanization in the late, they respectively through the knowledge overflow mechanism, diffusion mechanism and infrastructure spending power extension mechanism, alleviate the technical level of the development of small towns, the lack of demand and low threshold public limited financial resources bottleneck, this is the development of small towns spatial externalities from the perspective of the" three-dimensional" dynamic mechanism.Based on the data of county-level small towns in Hunan Province between2001and2011, ultilizing the spatial econometric methods to test the above three dynamic mechanism. Conclusions includes:(I) in the control of capital investment, the level of the market and the labor input and other internal factors, knowledge spillover effect exists between the large and small city and small town, to improve the level of small town industrial output contribution rate than all the control variables are large, significantly promote the development of small cities and towns industry industry;(II) in the control population, per capita GDP and scale management level of internal factors, between large and small city and small town there is a significant consumer force diffusion effect, the small towns of commerce service industry to enhance the ability of the contribution rate is significantly positive, significant to promote the development of small town business services industry;(III) in the internal factors to control expenditure, population and per capita GDP conditions, there is effect of spatial correlation between the large and small city and small town, small town of public service supply to improve the contribution rate is significantly positive, significant to promote the development of public infrastructure in small towns.Although spatial externalities from the perspective of power in the development of small towns is exogenous, but the appropriate countermeasures can enhance the small town of absorptive capacity of spatial externality, and speed up the formation of the coordinated development of small towns and large and medium-sized city. Can be divided into three types:location and traffic conditions can improve the absorb ability of small cities and towns on knowledge spillover, developed traffic network can enhance the small town of consumer force diffusion absorptive capacity, network administrative relationship can improve the absorption capacity of small towns infrastructure extension.