| There were unclear mountains, inflexible operating mechanism, unreasonable distribution of benefits and other outstanding problems in the reform of collective forest right system in Fujian. Many new problems need to be solved through the practices and theoretical exploration with the development of the forestry. This paper firstly studied on respond from the inside, and evaluation from the outside by the theory and demonstration, in-depth analyzed the reform of collective forest right system in Fujian, summarized advantages and disadvantages of it, to provide the theory reference and support for the sustainable development of forestry of the whole country.1、Study on responseFirst, Study on response of forestry legal system of reform of collective forest right system in Fujian. The study analyzed the problems of forestry legal system, such as quota system of forest harvesting, forest resources and assessment system, land management system, registration system of forest right,circulation system of forest right, compensation system of ecological forest and forest insurance system, and put forward the improvement suggestion.Second, Study on response of related forestry theory of reform of collective forest right system in Fujian. The ecological value of forests as the intangible could not be confirmed on property law, that had the downside effects in protective legislation of natural resources in our country; registration system existed deficiencies;"property law" was not specified in the forcible recovery system.Constitution, forest law, property law and implementing Regulations of forest law and other relevant laws didn’t make a clear definition on connotation and extension of collective forest rights, caused that the connotation of collective forest rights was vague. the definition of collective forest rights wasn’t strict, subject and object of collective forest rights had different versions.The study in-depth analyzed the property right and forest right theory of reform of collective forest right system in Fujian, and thought that the deficiencies and problems of the property right and forest right theory led to unclear property rights, hindered reform of collective forest right system in Fujian.Third, Building the management system of forest rights for adapting the reform of collective forest rights system in Fujian. By the view of system theory, studying the shortcoming of the mode of it, mading the specific measures of establishing a sound forest management system, and a adjustment between the various branches of management, to adjust needs to the development of the modern property rights system and sustainable forestry.Fourth, Study on the response of the foresters’wills of reform of collective forest right system in fujian.Through the questionnaire survey, from the wills of distribution and circulation of collective forestry, by chi-square test, single factor analysis, the degree of different regions, pointing out view that different culture, different age stages of foresters were significant difference in the wills of collective forestry distribution. In the sample village, forest area per capita, minimum only0.17hectare per person, up to1.44hectares per person. Only37%of foresters contacted the forestry market. By the sample village tenure in the home, the lowest is15%, the maximum is90%. in a sample of9village, only one farmer transfer the woodland only as106.67hectares. The foresters’age (age), family force number, the number of children learning, forest land area (hectare) and forest forest land had significant relationship with the forestry circulation(test statistic values of B were1.200,1.126,1.847,0.003). If the agricultural ages were smaller, the number of family labor were more, forest areas were more, the will of forester transfer will be stronger.2、Study on evaluationFirst, Impact evaluation of collective of forest right reform in Fujian for contribution rate of forestry scientific and technological progress. The contribution rate of forestry scientific and technological progress was from330.49%to-44.03%(from"Tenth Five-Year"to"Eleven Five-Year "); The average growth rate of forestry science and technology was from the first to the last, and the contribution rate of forestry scientific and technological progress too.The downward trend was very clear, indicating that the forestry scientific and technological progress was behind even backwards.Therefore, an urgent need was to take effective measures to increase government investment in forestry science and technology, to improve the contribution of forestry science and technology to the development of forestry.Second, By qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis, doing statistical analysis and prediction mode for the Sanming city forest tenure reform. Through the/test of the reform of the collective forest right system, derived that the average taxes proportion of the wood decreased significantly after the reform (P=00.01); the proportion of the non-public afforestation increased significantly after the reform (P=0.00920.01). Using canonical correlation analysis method, to forest and forest industry development analyzed, average transfer price (yuan/HA) and the number of forestry processing enterprises had a negative correlation before reform (correlation coefficients were-0.8337,0.9099), transfer price (yuan/average hectares) and the output value of processing enterprises (million yuan) had a negative correlation after the reform (correlation coefficients were-0.7445,0.9394).With canonical correlation analysis, analyzing the forest industry development before and after the forest reform. With stepwise regression analysis, Analysing the per capita income of forest farmers, factor in forest dispute and forestry income factor of village after the forest reform, and building the prediction mode respectively. The results were that, for the non-public afforestation proportion on Farmers’per capita income generated the most negative influence before reform(partial correlation coefficient ry.X9=-0.6205); clear property right area (hectare)(X6), forest right registration rate (X8), issued area households (ha)(X9) promote hill right disputes (partial correlation coefficient R (Y, X6)=0.9887, R (Y, X8)=0.9375, R (Y, X9)=0.9859); village collective and unified management (hectare)(X5), issued area households (HA)(X9) blocked the village of collective forestry income (R (Y, X5)=-0.8613, R (Y, X9)=-1.0077). Through the conclusion, puting forward to continue to carry out wood cuts, vigorously develop forestry of blame state ownership, increase the proportion of state ownership afforestation, clear collective ownership of forest and forest land use, put vivid collective forest right of administration, actively support the forestry processing enterprises and village collective enterprises.The results will help forest management analyzing the effective of the forest tenture reform accuratively with the prediction mode, for Decision-makers to implement the right decisions for the forestry service.Third, Impact evaluation of reform of collective forest right system in Fujian for service value of forestry ecosystem. By methods of Constaza et al, before and after reform of collective forest rights of system in Fujian (2003、2008), made a comparative analysis of services value of forestry ecosystem. After five years of reform, the total service value of forestry ecosystem service in Fujian increased0.15%; the service value of the nutrient recycling, raw materials and erosion control increased only0.22%. five years of reform, the area of collective forestry had weak decline, the service value of collective forestry declined by0.04%. however, the service value of special forestry increased56.45%.The mode of forestry management was from timber and fuelwood forestry to special forestry and protection forestry.Fourth, By questionnaire method and empirical analysis, studying the performance model on Fujian collective forest right system, and the different main and regional evaluation of performance. By the sign test method, drawing ten county foresters in favor of collective forest tenure reform. By contingency table, cross-table method, frequency distribution method through comparating the mountain counties with coastal counties, revealing the performance situation of reform of collective forest right system, Fujian Province. Between the coastal and county, farmers existed difference in the understanding degree of forest policy, distribution of collective forest land, Forestry cadres had different cognition in the maximum benefitTo the problem of forest supporting system, puting forward to strengthen the propaganda of the forest comprehensive insurance, and increase the forest resources assessment and other professional personnel training. Drawing the followed conclusion:to farmers’ informed survey, government propaganda about accounted for48.6%; to policy survey of understanding of basic knowledge, farmers completely accounted for63.1%; to forest participation survey, mountain farmers each option had involvement (including ordering scheme (100%),(100%), meeting to vote on the agreement (100%), the mountain refered to the world (50%) and other (66.7.0%)), the coastal county farmers’participation is low (including ordering scheme (0%),(0%), meeting to vote on the agreement (0%), the mountain refers to the world (50%) and other (33.3%);70.3%) the farmers think forestry tax relief benefits greatly or greater; a mountainous area county forestry reform mainly concentrated in the voting public link (75%), the coastal county concentration in Organizational Leadership (100%) and the link (100%); in the collective forest land allocation, farmers choosed individual contract for38.7%;59.6%of the farmers on forest reform and implementation stages were very satisfied or satisfied. The vast majority of forestry cadres and technical staff think forestry reform to promote economic development (50%) and the favorable capital accumulation (50%),66.7%of the people think that current forestry development was badly in need of solving problems focused on the development of forestry industry,74.6%of the people think that it was necessary to forest insurance,68.1%of the people think that it was necessary to foresters’forestry science and technology guide,97%of people think legal advisory services were required,77.1%of people think that it was necessary to set up trading center of forestry property rights. Through the innovation of the conclusion of the model, puting forward to carry out the implementation of forestry policy and performance evaluation of synchronization, real-time control, master dynamic of performance evaluation of farmers and forestry management, at the same time divided area for performance evaluation, guarantee a comprehensive understanding of forest policy implementation.The results will help improve the existing management system of forest rights, optimize the existing forest tenure arrangements, and contribute to proper implementation of government forestry policy based on regional differences.Fifth, By empirical analysis of questionnaire methods, studying on the mechanism from the forest farmers’demand investigation and the construction of the forestry cooperative organization, regional differences, Influence factors of the motivation. By contingency table with chi-square test, through comparating the mountain counties with coastal counties, evaluating and analyzing the performance for the social service system of forestry, Wing. According to the above conclusion, proposed that our country should carry out the socialization service system of forestry mechanism to place low forest owner mortgage lending standards, ensured that most farmers through banks, credit cooperatives and other convenient ways to get a low interest loan; the government should enhance the effectiveness of forestry policy, forestry policy to prevent frequent change problem; did government policy support forest insurance business, ensure forest income; the government should vigorously develop the factor markets of the forest right, formulated relevant legal relugating transfer behavior of forest right; vigorously developed the forest assets evaluation business, cultivating forest asset assessment personnel, as well as in the forest right management centers and other institutions setting legal consulting, technology services, and so on. The results contribute to the understanding of current forestry social service system construction of forestry sector, conduce to perfect socialization service system of forestry, advance forestry social service facilities construction.The results will help to understand the existing social service system of forestry, and the forestry sector improve it, promote the supporting facilities of the social service system of forestry. |
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