Study On Earnings Determination By The Perspective Of Job Mobility

Along with more than30years of China reforming and opening-up, deepening of the continuous development and integration of the Labour market, job mobility has become a common phenomenon. There is lots of job mobility phenomena for evidence that is witnessed by the entire transformation process, which is from a spate of "going into business","laid-off, re-employment" to the current "secondary flow of migrant workers","quit" and so on. It still needs to conduct further study on the job mobility’s income effect This article aims to deeply analyze the problem of earnings determination from the perspective of job mobility. The key research questions are:"does job mobility have an important influence on the earnings determination? And whether this effect is same under different labor market conditions and what is the answer for different groups? This paper will study the above questions from labor market segmentation theory and new classical theory by using urban residents and migrant workers groups as the analysis object respectively, constructing the corresponding econometric model and empirical analysis, and studying the following three different dimension questions:(1) Job mobility and the different earnings determination of different industries,(2) Job mobility and wage growth of migrant workers,(3) job mobility and gender wage gap.Overall, the conclusions of this study can be summarized as:job mobility plays important role on the earnings determination on all types of labor market, but the function of job mobility is very different under different labor market conditions; the influence of job mobility to laborers’ income becomes distorted due to segmetation. Meanwhile, the function of improving laborer’s income gains of job mobility become more important for laborer because of competitive market condition.Above conclusions Specifically Embodied in the following two points:(1) In the case of industry structural differences to analyze the problem of the earnings determination of urban residents that is widely concerned by researchers and relevant government departments, We observe that there are asymmetric job mobility between different industries and departments because of the Institutional factors, and we find that there have the characteristic of institutional segmentation between this industry and other sectors. Monopolistic factor, ownership factor and obstacles of job mobility together play the critical role of wage determination in State-owned monopolistic industry; job mobility cannot play the full role to optimize the allocation of labor resources, therefore cannot play the role of narrowing the income gap between competitive industries and State-owned monopolies very well.(2) As for problem of earnings determination of migrant workers, we find that the "migratory job mobility" is the main form of migrant workers’ job mobility, and also the job mobility has the characteristics of frequent; The behavior of Migrant workers’ job mobility and highly accompanied urban mobility within the secondary labor market can be explained by theories of the job search model and the job matching model for the relationship of job mobility and wage growth. Migratory job mobility is an effective way to avoid the freeze of returns to human capital because of lacking within-job wage growth mechanism in a city; however, due to the artificial limitation of urban household registration, migrant workers have to just fight for maximization of current revenue levels, which have the characteristic of "short-sighted" and reflect their rationality but helplessness. Women migrant workers gain less income progress from voluntary job mobility compared with the men migrant workers.Through above-mentioned research, we can learn the following policy implications:Firstly, in order to realize the target of improving the income level of workers, especially increasing their wage income level, and eliminating the income gap between residents, we must depend on job mobility’s full role of optimizing the allocation of labor resources. From this perspective, it is important to break the inducement of job mobility inequality between different sub-labors markets, which means that the relevant system must be formed in advance. Among them, narrowing the difference of social security and welfare benefits between different markets is necessary for breaking the obstacle of job mobility. Secondly, gradually establishing and perfecting the Long-term effective within-job wage growth mechanism for migrant workers to let them benefits from experience accumulation and try to realize identical treatment with urban residents, and improve the quality of employment of migrant workers, and pay attention to equal labor rights of migrant workers will help migrant workers’job become stable in the city. Finally, when we study on the issue of the relationship of job mobility and earnings determination, we should not ignore the gender heterogeneity of workers, especially for migrant workers to ensure that women migrant workers get rid of the double discrimination. From the perspective of research and the process of investigation and the results of analysis, this paper has the following contributions:Firstly, this paper study the role of job mobility on the income determination of different industries after exploring labor market segmentation of the monopolistic industries and the competitive industries by the perspective of job mobility together with the characteristic of income gap between these two industries, which provides new perspective to re-inspect industry segmentation, and the conclusion is more accurate than that of previous studies. Secondly, taking the particularity of migrant workers’ job mobility into full consideration and distinguishing the Local job transformation from migration job trans formation, this paper builds the appropriate income growth model to analyze the factors that determine the income growth and investigate the additional income growth effect of urban mobility, and analyze the behavior of migrant workers’ job mobility and the reasons of frequent mobility from the theoretical and empirical aspects accurately. Finally, this paper takes the deep reasons of job mobility into consideration and rationally distinguishes the type of job mobility when analyzing the sex heterogeneity of migrant workers’ job mobility and the wage effect. Meanwhile, this paper applies regression analysis with multilevel model to ensure the estimates of different sex and different types of job mobility’s wage effect more accurate and rational.