Share-cooperation Institutions And Governance Of Communities Under The View Of Governing The Commons

The community joint-stock system is the reform and innovation of the collective property right system in China, and it has the characteristics of joint-stock system and cooperation system. Under the background of tremendous change on economy, society and culture in recent thirty years in China, the process of urbanization has been accelerating continuously, and consequently, as a result of the change, the community joint-stock system engenders. Together with China’s economy, it achieves a rapid development, and shows a powerful vitality. Because the community joint-stock system is a result of induced system change, it internalizes’external profits’ which the original contract responsibility system overflows, optimizes the structure of the property right, simultaneouslyimproves the performance of the property right, shows obvious social effects, and evokes continued concern and discussion in theoretical circles.The experts in domestic academic circles have been studying the community joint-stock system from different aspects. Their research discovers that although as a new model system to be explored, the community joint-stock system improves the performance of the property right. They also have noticed that it has many problems when being implemented, for instance, the stock-cooperative enterprises is not an independent enterprise system, the property right relationship is plunged into chaos, managing structure has defects, rights and responsibilities between the shareholders are unequal, the politics and the enterprises are not separated, and social burden is excessive.Under the above-mentioned background, the dissertationattempts to answer the following several questions.Althoughthe academic circles generallydon’t approve of the joint-stock system being anindependentform of enterprise organization,why it engendersinChinaand is full of vitality? The academic circles agree identically that the property right of the joint-stock system is unclear, and thus impedes its further development, but whether the fact is exactly the same as the theory? Whether the joint-stock systemis onlya kind of transitionalform of economic organization? Whether the trend of its developmentis bound tobea joint-stock enterprise system of modern enterprise system?The dissertation starts with the changing path of the community joint-stock system, and on the basis of analyzing the characteristics of joint-stock system and narrating the theory of system change, discusses the’external profits’elements which causes the change of the community joint-stock system,and demonstrates that the change of the community joint-stock system makes the expected net profits of the farmers, the communityjoint-stock enterprises and the local government be positive numbers.It is a typicalPareto improvement.The dissertation brings the community joint-stock system into the’common pool resources’theory for investigation, defines the property right of the community joint-stock system, and finds out the community joint-stock system is a kind of common pool resources. The shareholders can manage the community joint-stock companies effectively, which is a kind of common pool resources, by being actual managers, and therefore, it is feasible internally for the community joint-stock system to exist for a long time. By using the multi-center management theory of common pool resource’s self-governance to analyze the community public goods which the community join-stock system concerns, it considers the community management which the community joint-stock company participates in is a kind of typical model of multi-center management. The supply of the community public goods under multi-center management model has a better system performance.The dissertation analyzes the difficult position and feasibility when the community joint-stock self management being practiced. Without considering the economic performance, the difficult position on self-governance is not the decisive factor to hindering the shareholders (the original villagers) from practicing self-governance effectively to the community joint-stock company, and the community joint-stock system can be considered as a successful case of the common pool resource. As a kind of self-governance of common pool resource, the community joint-stock companies belong to a type of internal community enterprise. Based on the social contract, whose core is mutually beneficial and reciprocal, signed with the community, it is reasonable inherently and inevitable for the community joint-stock company to provide public goods.System innovation of the community joint-stock system mainly lies in the innovation of property right system. The community joint-stock system extends the ownership, the controlling rights and residual claim rights, which belongs to the shareholders in fact, to collective economy, optimizes the structure of the property right of the collective economy, and meanwhile improves the performance of the property right. The dissertation studies the relationship between the member scale of the community joint-stock companies and the property arrangement, and demonstrates the relationship between the stability of the community joint-stock companies and the quantity of the member.The dissertation gives one Shenzhen community joint-stock company as an example, analyses deeply its course of scrambling for the property right, the changing path of the community joint-stock system, the actual possibility of self-governance, and problems existed.The dissertation expounds the changing path of community joint-stock system, and considers that the community joint-stock system is a kind of self-governance system of common pool resource, which can achieve self-governance successfully. Although the system is not prefect and in the process of continuous institutional change, its continuous development does not lie in whether it is an independent organization form of enterprise. Meanwhile, it is internally inevitable and reasonable for the community joint-stock system to supply the public goods. Therefore, the dissertation considers that its development trend is not inevitably the joint-stock enterprise. The community joint-stock has the problems of being unclear and uncompleted on the property right, but the shareholders (the original villagers) can manage the community joint-stock companies effectively, which is a kind of common pool resource, by being actual managers.At the last part, the dissertation puts forward some policies and suggestions on how to promote the community joint-stock system to exist for a long time under its self-governance, and puts forward the research prospects on community joint-stock system.