Map Tacit Knowledge Model And Its Application In Point Visualization

In the age of big data, there is more information than ever before, and with that, comes the development in monitoring facilities and product models of spatial elements. Because the data volume expands exponentially and new map production pattern, map customized solutions face the more expression need of data and information, rather than the customer acceptance to information and mapping schemes. In such circumstances, there usually tends to come out cookie-cutter and data piling up maps, causing deformation of visual variables and wrong cognition of maps which seriously affects the efficiency of information transmission. The theory of tacit knowledge was raised by Michael Polanyi from the field of philosophy in 1958, and widely used in many fields in touch with behavior and cognition. Introducing the theory of tacit knowledge into map cognition and map making can solve the poor readability and customization well.Applying the theory of tacit knowledge to map cognition, it needs to prove the existence and stability of tacit knowledge structure in the process of map cognition in the first. This usually uses method in experimental psychology to assess the tacit knowledge and usage of customers.In this article, combining the questionnaire with cognitive psychology, a scale system was formulated to classify the dimension and division of tacit knowledge. And the tacit knowledge model of map is made up of metacognition, values, cognitive map, spatial cognition and expertise. The tacit knowledge model of map has the characteristics of stability, hierarchy, salience and polymorphism. It explains the theoretical basis and feasibility of tacit knowledge applying to map cognition. On this basis, highlighting the influence of individual in the structural system of individual tacit knowledge, the tacit knowledge model of map also play a part in the customers' acquisition, transformation, storage and memory of map tacit knowledge directly influencing the sharing and spread of map tacit knowledge. According to the assessment results of customers'tacit knowledge, to build the scale system of map tacit knowledge, and to extract the structure types of customers'map tacit knowledge. It divides the map customers into six types:specialist, advanced, perceiving, technique, common and poor. To study the cognition and behavior characteristics of customers'different structures of map tacit knowledge. In the process of point visualization, based on the structural type of customers' map tacit knowledge, to customize the solution of thematic map. They are biased mapping scheme, complementary mapping scheme and balancing mapping scheme. Combining practical cases, this article put forward two customized mapping scheme to accomplish density point and feature point visualization. It also raised a differential point visualization scheme. By assessing and analyzing types of customers from the practical cases, this article drew adaptive map visualization schemes and produced corresponding maps. Though analysis of customers' feedback, it also proved that the mapping schemes designed according to structure types of map tacit knowledge could both consider artistry and applicability and gained customers' good feedback and effect of map tacit knowledge.Therefore, the applying of map tacit knowledge to map cognition and the process of mapping is a good trial of interdisciplinary. It enriches the theory system of map cognition, and tremendously promotes the studies in cartography and practice of map. In the practice, though controlling the dimension variables and detail variables of map tacit knowledge, we can get more practical conclusions. It has very broad application prospects when combining with the development of map and cartography theories.