| China's guiding ideology on energy strategy is transferring from supply ensuring to consumption control with the 13 th Five Year Plan on energy coming into existence. It cannot be denied that although restricted by the endowment of resources, coal will remain to be the leading form of energy and its fundamental position is almost irreplaceable, China's relatively weak infrastructure and conditions of coal mine production and safety are running in the period of frequent accidents. The majority of mines suffer from terrible natural conditions and outdated production equipments and many state-owned key coal mines have successively entered the earlier stage of aging and abandoning, forcing them to rely on the exploration of their capacity extremes beyond their production abilities to maintain production scale. Such exploration process faces a great number of difficulties and the situation is worsened by the ever-expanding exploration scales, more likely to trigger major accidents even through the slightest mistake. Emergency management in coal mine has always been a priority of the production safety. Although recent years emergency management and safety precautions of China's coal mine production have been improved and developed steadily, the permanence, complexity, repeatability and unexpectedness of safety in coal production require sober awareness. There still exist a number of problems in the established corresponding emergency management system: superficial awareness, rigid regulations, formal measures and lack of competence. Solutions to these problems are desperately needed both in emergency management systems and reality. Strengthening collaboration is the focus of emergency management. In order to improve the practical efficiency of it, it's necessary to set up an emergency system based on collaboration after careful consideration of the whole situation, improve the ability, which is propitious to decreasing accidents, reacting to unexpected disasters more efficiently and reducing the loss of lives and property. This paper is divided into seven parts and the main contents and conclusions are as follows:The first part is an introduction. Safety and emergency management exerts a crucial role in coal mine production. This part introduces the background information and significance of this study, describes comprehensively the domestic and abroad current situations of studies on management, collaboration, ability, control system and coal mine emergent management of unexpected and urgent affairs, identifies the current study process, finds the research direction, decides the contents, methods and innovation points of the study. The specific innovations are listed as follows:(1) the research integrates the theories of synergetics, emergency management and safety management, on the basis of theoretical analysis and empirical research, defines emergency management system of coal mine based on the connotation of collaboration, analyzes and constructs emergency system of regional coal mine accidents, forms emergency system model to guide the coal mine emergency management and provides new ways and methods for comprehensive, in-depth study of the coal mine emergency.(2) The research concentrates on interdisciplinary, cross-sect and cross-regional collaboration, analyzes the collaborative relationship among the three levels of province, urban and mining area, constructs the coordination degree evaluation model of regional coal mine emergency management, carries on the investigation with the empirical study and reveals the collaborative emergency management countermeasures.(3) Through the analysis of the connotation of coal enterprise emergency capability, taking emergency prevention, preparation, response and recovery for the main line, the research extracts coal mine emergency capability evaluation from the five aspects of workforce, machinery, technology, recycling and management and constructs the entropy model of extension evaluation theory of coal mine emergency management capability.The second part includes the related theoretical basis. This research discusses the related theory of several extensions on the base of the several relevant theories, such as accident causing theory, safety emergency management theory, system theory, coordination theory. According to the accident causing theory, the level of emergency management is regarded as one of the leading elements of coal mine accidents. The emergency management theory describes the main research results of domestic and foreign scholars in several aspects of emergency management concept, process and key factors, focusing on the distinction between safety management and emergency management. The system theory in the paper expounds the researches both at home and abroad from the system concept, elements, systematic analysis and evaluation. The collaborative theory discusses the elaboration from the concept and characteristic of synergetic effect, cooperative principle and analysis.The third part involves the further analysis of the current situation of coal mine accidents and safety emergency management in China with the purpose to scientifically clarify the coal mine accidents and the current situation of safety emergency management. Firstly, it analyzes the meaning and classification of coal mine accidents, the development and evolution mechanism of accidents in coal mine. Secondly, it analyzes the situation and trend of accidents during the period of 2006-2013, and with the reference to the other developed countries' emergency management experience, it finally summarizes the present situation and problems of our country coal mine emergency management and provide a realistic basis for the following analysis.The fourth part concentrates on the construction of emergency management system of coal mine based on collaboration. Firstly, it analyzes the meaning of coal mine emergency management system, defines a clear system target, summaries the system elements, in accordance with the three-dimension structure analysis method. The research, depending on the three dimensions of time, function and knowledge, puts forward the structure model of coal mine emergency management system. Based on the qualitative and quantitative aspects, detailed content architecture of the subsystems is to be built. It explains the inherent relationships of emergency management system of regional coal mine, focusing on analysis of the system coordination and evolution. Based on Synergetics, systematic study of emergency management in the areas of coal mine provide a basis for the research and evaluation.The fifth part mainly deals with the evaluation model of the coal mine emergency management system coordination degree and empirical study. The construction of the synergy degree measurement model of emergency management system in coal mines is built up. Firstly, it will completely analyze the meaning, principles and contents of the emergency management system. Secondly, it's necessary to set up the SCEMS models, including the 4 layers and 35 indicators. Finally, the recent five-year synergetic degree in Heilongjiang Province is obtained through the careful calculation. The results show that the cooperative system is increasing year by yea. The simultaneous analysis of synergetic degree model of index puts forward the countermeasure and suggestion of coal mine emergency management based on collaborative.The sixth part aims at the estimation of emergency management ability. Firstly it analyses the connotation and influence factors of the ability of emergency management, and the principles of constructing, and on this basis, the construction of evaluation index system of coal mine emergency management capability is set up. The system contains a total target, 4 second-class indexes and 32 third-class index layers. The calculation of the index weight in evaluation index system of emergency capability in the coal mine enterprises is cultivated with the help of entropy method. As for Xin'an coal mine of the Dragon Coal Group in Heilongjiang Province, emergency management ability is evaluated with the comprehensive evaluating indicators and the weight of each index is determined by using entropy method. Finally, aiming at the practical cases of the evaluation results, the improvement measures are put forward.The seventh part consists of conclusion and prospect. Few of the studies on the emergency management of coal mine are based on synergic angle. This paper draws the following conclusions:(1) It further defines the concept of management system of coal mine emergency. Based on the problems existing in the practical coal mine emergency management, it analyzes three-dimension structure and concludes that the proposed system is composed of 4 subsystems, namely organization, decision-making, process and resource. Contents of subsystem are designed throughout the four stages of emergency management prevention, preparation, response and recovery. The three levels of provinces, urban and mining help to influence and achieve system goals. Scientific collaborative systems can improve the ability of emergency management. The synergetic degree measurement model of emergency management system of coal mine is constructed, and Heilongjiang coal mines are chosen as the research objects. The emergency management system of 2010- 2014 of the five years of provincial coal synergy degree measurement value is obtained and the results show that the synergy degree has been increasing year by year.(2) The evaluation index of coal mine accident emergency ability is constructed. And the evaluation index is put into a quantitative analysis. Entropy method is used to determine the weight of evaluation index of coal mine emergency response capabilities and the extension comprehensive evaluation model is used to carry out a comprehensive evaluation of Xin'an coal mine emergency response capability and the Xin'an coal mine emergency ability is marked a "good" level. The flexibility of the emergency plans establishment, setting of the risk assessment mechanism, the construction of emergency management departments, resource reserve and security, the signing of a cooperation agreement, plans the response speed, strength, capability of emergency rescue, emergency coordination ability to command, emergency communication guarantee system complete degree, coordination ability with the media, the action of restoring and equipment capacity for cleaning up the sites are in the common level while other abilities appear good or excellent. According to the results of comprehensive evaluation, the paper put forward the rectification of Xin'an coal mine from four aspects to help it to improve the ability of emergency management in the coal mine. |
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