Research On Regional Eco-compensation Mechanism

Optimization of national spatial development pattern is significance for China's ecological civilization construction.According to the national main-function zones planning,the main function of the key ecological function areas is to provide ecological products,the degree of industrialization and urbanization should be restricted during the national spatial development.The developments of key ecological function areas are generally far behind while these areas suffered huge economic losses during the ecological construction.To establish reasonable benefits balanced mechanism is the guarantee of the effective implementation of the national main-function zones planning,since the ecosystem services has obvious externalities and the ecological products is difficult to trading through market.In recent years,the regional eco-compensation mechanism has been preliminarily established which represented by the national key ecological function areas transfer payment.The perfection of the key ecological regional compensation mechanism has also become an important task of eco-compensation mechanism innovation in China.This study utilize the domestic and international theories of the eco-compensation(or payments for ecological services)to analyze several key issues of regional eco-compensation in Guizhou province,which including practical progress,space target,examine motivation,social participation,etc.The research results maybe helpful to optimize the regional eco-compensation mechanism and perfecting the guarantee system of the ecological civilization construction in China.This study will reviews the domestic and international research and practice progress of regional eco-compensation firstly,and the national key ecological function areas transfer payment policy has been established as the research emphasis.This study will analyze the space target problem of this policy through the county level's gross ecosystem product accounting in Guizhou.After that,this study will summarize the performance evaluation mechanism of the national key ecological function areas transfer payments and analyze the space effect and influence factors of the county ecological environmental quality by spatial econometric method.The "principal-agent" model between central and local government was built up in order to analyze the efficiency loss and improvement path of the existing appraisal incentive mechanism.Finally,the public-private partnership model to encourage social capital participate into the regional eco-compensation was discussed based on the case study of the Chishui river basin in Guizhou.The main conclusions of this study include:(1)In2015,the gross ecosystem product of Guizhou is about 922.236 billion Yuan;the regional eco-compensation priority of 88 counties in Guizhou was determined by the clustering analysis.The first priority compensation areas mainly concentrated in southern and eastern parts of Guizhou province,the secondary compensation areas mainly concentrated in the eastern north area,but some counties in western area were also included,the potential compensation areas mainly concentrated in the central and western area.The "equalitarianism" tendency in the regional eco-compensation funds allocation generated the large deviation between the existing pattern of compensation funds distribution and regional eco-compensation priority,which will reduce the "target" efficiency of regional eco-compensation mechanism.(2)The performance appraisal mechanism of national key ecological function areas transfer payment is based on the ecosystem services output with the county ecological environment quality index(El)as the core index.The spatial effect of ecological environment quality between the counties is positive significant,the natural climate and other risk factors can also influence the ecological environment quality.The uncertainty of the ecological environment improvement appears to reduce the ecological construction enthusiasm of local government.(3)The "principal-agent" model between central and local government shows that the existing incentive mechanism can lead to efficiency loss due to the information asymmetry between the two sides.Combining the incentive mechanism based on the ecosystem services output and activity type,add several indicators associated with the local government effort degree or risk factors into the incentive contract can improve incentive efficiency.In addition,the implementation of incentive mechanism based on the relative performance assessment can reduce the systemic risk faced by local government during ecological environment protection process,and it will be helpful to reduce the agency cost of incentive mechanism.(4)To improve the income level of social capital is the crux matter to encourage social capital participate in regional eco-compensation,the benefit sharing mechanism should be built to reconcile the targets contradiction of eco-compensation and social capital.Promote the development of environmentally friendly industry should be an important task as the public-private partnership model is applied to the regional eco-compensation mechanism in order to improve the income level of social capital and bring benefit to other stakeholders.