| China's economic growth has increased significantly since the reform and opening.However,China's ecological and environmental problems are increasingly serious.The contradiction between economic growth and environmental pollution has become increasingly prominent.Since 2012,the frequent fog and haze that has occurred in China has affected the health of residents.Ecological and environmental governance has become an important issue in the development of the country.The 18 th Party Congress clearly put forward the development strategy of ecological civilization construction and the grand goal of building ?beautiful China?,and to form a resource conservation and environmental protection of the industrial structure and economic growth.The upgrading of industrial structure is an important problem in the transformation of China's economic structure and is the determinant of environmental protection and economic growth.China is a populous developing country,the construction and development of the country cannot do without economic growth.It is important that not only to protect the ecological environment but also to ensure the economic growth.The foundation of the economic growth is from the support and development of the industry.Which transmission paths will environmental regulation be used to promote the industrial structure upgrading,and to what extent will promote or inhibit the upgrading of industrial structure? How should environmental regulation strength be taken to help the industrial structure upgrading? To answer these questions reasonably is the original intention to research the influence of environmental regulation on the industrial structure upgrading in this paper,which is of great significance for China to change the mode of economic growth and promote the transformation of economic structure under the background of ecological civilization construction strategy.Firstly,on the basis of combing the domestic and foreign literatures related to the environmental regulation and the upgrading of industrial structure,this paper defines the concept of ?environmental regulation? and ?industrial structure upgrading?,and sums up market failure theory,property right theory,principal-agent theory,uncertainty theory,environmental Kuznets theory,sustainable development theory as the theoretical basis of environmental regulation and the upgrading of industrial structure.Secondly,it studies the evolution of environmental regulation and industrial structure,divides the stage of China's environmental regulation development and industrial structure evolution,and analyzes the current situation,existing problems and causes of environmental regulation and industrial structure upgrading.Thirdly,it adopts the provincial panel data of China from 2002 to 2014 to study the effect path of environmental regulation on the upgrading of industrial structure and analyzes the principle of its action in the current of China's comprehensive environmental management stage.It is concluded that environmental regulation will not only have a direct effect on the upgrading of industrial structure,but also through technological innovation,financial development,foreign direct investment,trade,these four conduction path indirectly on the upgrading of industrial structure,which have different effects on the upgrading of industrial structure.On the basis of this,it constructs nonlinear panel threshold models,which respectively considers technological innovation,financial development,foreign direct investment,foreign trade,economic growth,command-control environment regulation,market-based environment regulation,information disclosure-public participation environmental regulation as the threshold variable.And it researches the effect of environmental regulation on the industrial structure upgrading under the action of technological innovation,financial development,economic opening,economic growth and different types of environmental regulation tools.The study draws the following conclusions:(1)when the technological innovation level is low,strengthen environmental regulation is not conducive to industrial structure upgrading;however,when technological innovation level is high,and across a certain threshold,the intensity of environmental regulation is great,which is conducive to industrial structure upgrading.But according to the different levels of technological innovation to improve,it will lead to a slight difference in the promotion effect of environmental regulation on industrial structure upgrading.That is,environmental regulation exhibits a threshold effect on industrial structure upgrading,and this threshold effect depends on the level of technological innovation.(2)In the case of low financial development level,environmental regulation is not conducive to industrial structure upgrading;on the contrary,when the level of financial development across a certain threshold,to strengthen environmental regulation is conducive to industrial structure upgrading.That is,it has a ?U? type relationship between the impact of environmental regulation on the industrial structure upgrading and financial development level.(3)When the foreign direct investment level is low,environmental regulation makes the negative effect of foreign direct investment in the dominate position,which is not conducive to the promotion of industrial structure upgrading;when foreign direct investment level reaches certain limit and crosses certain threshold,environmental regulation leads to the positive effect of foreign direct investment in the dominant position,and to promote the upgrading of industrial structure.When the level of trade is low,increasing the intensity of environmental regulation cannot effectively promote the upgrading of industrial structure through the path of trade.When trade is further expanded and crossed to a certain threshold,with the increase of environmental regulation intensity,it can increase the environmental benefits of trade and promote the upgrading of industrial structure.That is,it has a ?U? type relationship between the impact of environmental regulation on the industrial structure upgrading and China's economic opening degree.Therefore,with the increase of environmental regulation intensity,expanding the economic opening,increasing foreign direct investment and trade have a positive effect on the upgrading of industrial structure and the adjustment of economic structure in China.(4)In the case of low economic growth,strengthen environmental regulation is not conducive to industrial structure upgrading;when the level of economic growth in a certain threshold interval,with the increase of environmental regulation intensity will promote the upgrading of industrial structure;when economic growth enters the stage of middle income level,simply increasing environmental regulation intensity can hinder the industrial structure upgrading.At this stage,we should emphasize the diversification and innovation of environmental regulation tools,and pay more attention to economic growth and innovation to promote industrial structure upgrading,across the middle income development stage,to achieve economic growth and environmental protection win-win situation.(5)The effect of different types of environmental regulation is different.The greater the regulation intensity of command-control environment regulation tools and market-based environmental regulation tools,the more beneficial the environmental regulation is to upgrade the industrial structure.And information disclosure-public participation environmental regulation is too high or too low will be detrimental to industrial structure upgrading,only to control it in a moderate range,so that information disclosure-public participation environmental regulation can be effectively carried out and subject to the corresponding constraints,which can contribute to industrial structure upgrading.(6)Fiscal decentralization has a significant negative effect on the industrial structure upgrading,the higher the degree of fiscal decentralization,the more conducive to industrial structure upgrading.The education level of the population has a significant positive effect on industrial structure upgrading,and a higher level of education can benefit the upgrading of the industrial structure.Urbanization,fixed asset investment,marketization and natural resource endowment status have no significant effect on the upgrading of industrial structure.Finally,combining with the conclusions of empirical research and the reality of China,this paper puts forward policy recommendations from the micro-level,the meso-level and the macro-level,so as to strengthening environmental regulation in the background of ecological civilization can promote the upgrading of industrial structure. |
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