Research On Office Building Space Energy Efficiency Design Of Large Transitional Space In Severe Cold Area Of China Based On Temperature Distribution

It is hard to ensure the accurate caluculation of the design cooling and heating loads as well as the comfort of the indoor environment for office builidngs with large atrium transitional space in severe cold area of China.Therefore,it is significantly important for energy efficiency design of building scheme to conduct research on cooling and heating loads optimaizing calculation method and establish new theory of space energy efficiency design for public buildings with large atrium transitional space.This research is funded by the Key Project of National Natural Science Funds: Space design theory and method of low-energy public building in cold area of China(No.51338006).This article conducted field test on heating season temperature distribution of a large atrium transitional space of a comprehensive office building in a typical severe cold area city of China.The temperature distribution characteristics in vertical and horizontal direction were summarized.The key affecting factors of temperature distribution of large transitional space were concluded as follows: Solar heat gain is the main factor in vertical direction,while the space combination form is the main factort in horizontal direction.Then the space energy efficiency design theory system for office buildings with large transitional space in severe cold area of China was proposed.Phase one is defined as energy efficiency optimization design.Through dividing the transitional space into blocks based on Block Model theory,the representive temperature of each block can be calculated as the indoor design temperature input data for annual dynamic cooling/heating loads and energy consumption simulation.Phase two is defined as energy efficiency optimum seeking design.Three space energy efficiency index parameters based on spatial dimension conception were proposed: Span/height Ratio(SHR),Transitional Space-Building Area Ratio(TBAR)and Orientation Weighted Exposed Length of Side Ratio(OWESR).By analyzing the relationship between the index paramrters and the building energy consumption,the optimum range of the index parameters can be determined.Bothway,threeway and central square atrium transitional space of penetrating and nonpenetrating with different dimensions were selected as research objects.Representive temperatures of the blocks were simulated and systemized by CFD simulation software FLUENT,which were defined as the indoor design temperature input data for annual dynamic cooling/heating loads and energy consumption simulation by building energy consumption simulation software Design Builder.With the help of mathematical calculation,the quantitative relation formulas of space energy efficiency design index parameters such as SHR,TBAR,OWESR and building cooling/heating energy consumption were obtained.Based on the analysis on the quantitative relation of space energy efficiency design index parameters and building cooling/heating energy consumption,space energy efficiency design advises were proposed for office buildings with different types and dimentions of atrium transitional space.(1)When the index parameter is constant,the prioty choice is the transitional space with larger plane dimention;(2)Transitional space with larger SHR consumes lower cooling/heating energy.(3)Transitional space with smaller TBAR consumes lower cooling/heating energy.The maximum value range of TBAR for penetrating transitional space is 0.245-0.302;(4)Prefered orientation order of the transitional space is south,southeast,southwest,east,west,northeast,northwest and north;(5)TBAR is the priority index parameter when conducting space energy efficiency design.