Safety Risk Research On Oil Terminal Production Operation

With the continuous increase of China's oil imports,the throughput of oil terminal is also growing.The oil products are inflammable and explosive,which bring huge risk for safe operation of oil terminal.Incalculable loss of life,property and the environment will be caused once oil spill,fire,explosion and other kinds of accidents happen.Since 2010,explosions occurred in oil terminals in Dalian,Qingdao resulting in huge casualties and property loss.Thus it can be seen that oil terminal is an area with high risk,latent operational dangers should be detected in due course and preventative measures should be implemented to ensure safety.Therefore,analyzing the risk factors and their causes and results,establishing risk prevention mechanism and emergency response plans have important theoretical and practical significance for safe operation of oil terminal and the supervision of governments.To analyze the risk of tanker berthing and handling operation,the Interpretative Structural Model is established.It is concluded that surface risk factors are mainly tankers and berthing and loading equipments.Middle risk factors include environment factors.Underlying risk factors include human operation,laws and regulations factors and management factors.To evaluate the probability of oil spill accident in the operation process of ship berthing and handling,the Bayesian network model is established.It is concluded that the safety consciousness of crew,ship age and ship operation status are the three key parameters influencing the safety of ship berthing and handling operation.Ship berthing and loading operation is the main factor influencing the safety of ship berthing and handling.To analyze the risk of oil spill accidents in the operation process of tanker berthing and handling,the fuzzy bow-tie model is established.It is concluded that lookout negligence,fatigue ship driving,channel congestion,bad weather,oil leakage of sealing ring,fault of hydraulic pressure control system,deterioration and rupture of valve,oil leakage of pressure gage,flange and joint connections are the main risk factors leading to oil spill accident of tanker in the operation process of berthing and handling.The risk sorting of accidents from high to low is fire and pollution,explosion and pollution,pollution,pollution and poisoning.To analyze the risk of oil terminal in the operation process of storage and transportation,the Interpretative Structural Model is established.It is concluded that surface risk factors are mainly oil storage and transportation facilities.Middle risk factors are the internal and external transportation conditions of oil terminal.Fundamental risk factors include human operation and safety management factors.To analyze the risk of storage and transportation facilities in oil terminal,the fuzzy evidential reasoning model is established.It is concluded that the risk sequence of storage and transportation facilities from high to low is oil tank,loading and unloading facilities,pipeline and pipe fittings,oil tankers,anti-static facilities,railway line.Risk prevention mechanism targeted at the storage and transportation facilities is also put forward.To establish the risk assessment index system for ship to ship operation of oil terminal,the R clustering analysis method,the variation coefficient method and expert opinions are combined to screen indices.The emergency response plan for ship to ship operation process of oil terminal is also proposed.This research not only enriches the risk management theory based on uncertain and incomplete information,but also provide reference for the decision making of risk management of oil terminal and shipping company and the regulation of the maritime department.