Research On Column Bases Of The Traditional Architecture In The Guangfu Cultural Region

The column base is one of the most representative component in the Chinese traditional architecture because they are important bearing components as well as typical decorations.They express the regional culture while not only comforming to the laws of materials and mechanics,but also suitting to the local climate and environment.Both Macro and Micro are basic methods of investigating.The research on column bases will supplement the study of the Chinese tradional architecure along with providing new perspective and methods.Guangfu cultural region is in the Midwest of Guangdong province.For a variety of geographical,historical,economic and cultural reasons,the Guangfu culture which is characterized by the fusion of Han culture,Nan-Yue culture,Marine culture and commercial culture,formed gradually and became one of the most important local culture in Guangdong province.As an important cultural carrier,the Guangfu tradional architecture has obvious features on styles and crafts.This paper will not only enrich the research system of the regional tradional architecture,but also help to look into the Guangfu tradional architecture more deeply.By the help of extensive field researches,consulting literatures,and the statistical analysis,the dissertation has classified and named the column base of Guangfu tradional architectures,summarized the time and spatial features as well as the rules of design and decoration.In addition,the dissertation has summed up the stone carving processes and craftsmanships by interviewing the craftsmen.In Chapter one,the objectives and innovations are layed down by reviewing the current researches on column bases of Chinese traditional architectures and Guangfu traditional architectures,the framework is hereby confirmed.In Chapter Two,various names of column bases are traced and distinguished.The development situations of the column base before the Song Dynasty are also presented by archaeological achievements of architectural sites,portrait bricks,etc.The Chapter Three aimed to classify the diffirent styles and trace their orgins of the column base in the Guangfu traditional architecture by the result of veining their historical circumstances.The Chapter Four focused on the time characteristics of various styles.After the statistical analysing,distinguished life-courses became transparent.The Chapter Five has explored about the spacial charateristics of the Guangfu column base from three levels including regions,building types and positions in the architecture as well as the matching and combinating rules of them.The Chapter Six has systematically sorted out the proportion,decoration ways and themes of the column base in the Guangfu traditional architecture.Finally,in Chapter Seven,the stone carving craft and tools,the study and work process of the craftsman are both discussed by interviewing craftsmen and contrasting with the official standard way and those in Chaoshan cultural region.The model of the column base is a chemical reaction among traditional architectures,craftsmen,tools and materials.Traditional architectures are the carrier of the column base,the local culture is the source,the time aethetic interest are the banner,however,it is the economic standard that overwhelmingly influences the modeling and evoluting of the column base in the Guangfu traditional architecture by determining the mining,transportating and processing technology of the materials.In addition,benefiting from the statistical analysis,this thesis changes the perceptual and rough recognition of the column base in the Guangfu traditional architecture to more rational and deeper.