Modeling And Simulation Of Pilot's Dynamic Visual And Motion Performance In Flight Deck

Safety is actually most important in civil aviation. Ergonomics is a best way to improve the aviation safety. Pilot cognition and motion performance as the primary of "human-centered design" is also the criterion what the ergonomic design and evaluation of flight deck must accords to. The Pilot cognition and motion performance mastered can enhance the ergonomic design naturally, the aviation accident induced by pilot error can be reduced consequently, and therefore the aviation safety can be improved significantly.This paper firstly analyzes the research advancement of the pilot's cognitive and motion performance, and puts forward the research focus is the pilot's dynamic visual performance and motion performance.To support the research and validation of pilot performance, this paper has designed and carried out multi-scenario testing by pilots in the flight simulator in Shanghai Eastern Flight Training CO., LTD.. The experiment which is different from the traditional testing executed in flight simulation equipment covers 3 different visibility and 2 different difficult taxi routes executed by 20 pilots with different flight experience in flight simulator. The data includes video, eye movement, and questionnaires and so on. The paper gives the method of how to analyze the huge data both subjective and objective and also analyzes the eye movement mode of different scenarios and pilots.For pilot dynamic visual performance, this paper has built the Index model of dynamic Visual Performance (IPv). The model based on the information theory is the function of task difficulty and pilot fixation rate, and has been verified by the data from the taxiing experiment. IPv actually represents the information pilot needs to identify and encode during the task, therefore it is a quantitative model to describe the pilot fixation performance and if combined with visual entropy which is the only synthetic index representing the saccadic performance can represent the whole process of visual performance. The second work here is to build the pilot task difficulty model. The task difficulty model considers both the pilot capability which means the knowledge and the experience and the objective task performance such as external environment and task difficulty. The model can predict and evaluate the difficulty of different taxi tasks by different pilots in different scenarios.With regard to the pilot motion performance in flight deck, there are three models built. Firstly, the effect of targets characteristics such as size, arrange position, shape and density on pilot motion performance has been studied first based on the pilot test in the flight deck, and Fitts'law described the mathematical pilot motion regularity has been established. According to the research conclusions derived some suggestions for equipments design such as what size should the button is, or which position is best for the emergency operation buttons are also proposed. Secondly, no error width model has been established through the distribution of pilot movement end-points. The model discovers the essence of pilot motion error and gives the no error design width theoretically. The predictive time modeling for pilot information processing has been built finally based on the information theory covers the pilot cognition and motion performance, such as pilot's visual scan strategy and target encoded and oriented strategy. The model can evaluate and predict the display information process time and information identify and encode strategy by pilot in flight deck.Finally the pilot cognition and motion performance model is built and verified. The paper proposes the strategy for pilot modeling. And based on ACT-R cognition architecture, the pilot's knowledge about flight, their dynamic visual performance and motion performance could all be represented in the perception and motion module, the declarative knowledge module, the production system of model respectively and finally the pilot cognition and motion performance model is completed. The multi-scene multi-group multi-hierarchy validation method has been proposed and finally verifies and validates the pilot cognition and motion performance model successfully. The validation method solves the problem of how to validate the cognition model because of the randomness and complication of human being and is also an effective exploration. And finally, The pilot performance model built here is used to simulate the Asiana accident and to find the causes the multi-event simulation is executed. The simulation has the same conclusions as the NTSB. The simulation conclusions suggest that again the model is validity and effective.